ANTHRO 1010 First Year Seminar: Topics in Anthropology

Topics vary by semester.

Credit 3 units. BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 1020 Ethnicity, Culture, and Politics: The Case of Tibet

Geographic and political isolation, awe-inspiring landscape, and an esoteric religion have contributed to Tibet's image as a place of mystery. In the 1950s, Tibet made a dramatic entrance in the modern world when China reasserted a long-standing claim of dominion. Thousands of Tibetans were led by the Dalai Lama to exile in India and Nepal. Political chaos followed, with Tibetan exiles and the Chinese state making counter-claims in a global propaganda war. This course will use the case-study of Tibet to provide students with a perspective on historical and current inter-ethnic conflicts Students will consider the ways in which rafe and ethnicity are not politically neutral concepts, but can be used to justify completely different political arguments and actions. The course will be of interest to students who plan to take additional work in political science or anthropology, or who have an interest in concepts of ethnic identity or in the history, politics, and religions of Central Asia.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 1055 Hurricane Katrina: A Case Study in Disaster and American Society

This course examines the historical, societal, cultural, enviornmental, and political issues raised by the Hurricane Katrina disaster. Through exploration of scholarship from multiple disciplines, the course seeks to understand the complex issues of the disaster itself, as well as ongoing relief and rebuilding in the affected area.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 1070 Medicine East and West: Comparing Healthcare in the U.S. And China

This course provides a foundational introduction to comparative health studies by examining the health care systems of the United States and China. Using the tools and interpretive frameworks of the field of medical anthropology, students in this course will be exposed to a broad range of topics dealing with health and healthcare in Eastern and Western contexts. These include the study of medical pluralism, meaning of illness, health care financing, preventive care, political-economic perspectives, and sociobehavioral perspectives on health and wellness. Students taking this class will be better prepared to understand and address on-going health care concerns affecting U.S. and Chinese society.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

ANTHRO 1100 In the Amazon: Indigenous Peoples and the Politics of Nature

As it turns out, James Cameron's Avatar is not so far from the truth. The Amazon region of South America has long been home to indigenous peoples and civilizations, but has been radically transformed by several hundred years of European colonization, the rise of nation-states and armies, and the ongoing extraction of natural resources for the global market. The battle over the meaning and use of nature and peoples' relations to it have been central throughout this history and are so today. Now environmentalists, national governments, global corporations, and indigenous social movements are engaged in a struggle over the future of the Amazon. We will explore these relationships between indigenous peoples and others in light of this history. We will study and compare indigenous and Euro-American views of nature. We will consider how indigenous peoples, environmentalists, and other peoples confront global efforts to gain access to natural resources. We will ask how global flows like oil, cocaine, guns, and carbon credits connect our lives to theirs. We will explore how 'modern' ideas about race and nature have linked indigenous peoples to processes as varied as the enslavement of African peoples and modern plans for development. What might the Amazon and its peoples and politics teach us about ourselves and the future of our shared global environment? Open to January Program Students only.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH, IS EN: S

ANTHRO 1101 First-Year Seminar: Past Tense, Future Imperfect: The Rise & Fall of Societies & Global Civilization

The past history of humanity is littered with the stories of societies whose peoples experienced prosperity and fluorescence followed by decline and catastrophe. In the present, an age of information and rapid change, public intellectuals offer broad and detailed visions of what took place in the past, what is happening now, and what the trends suggest for the future. This course looks at the efforts of two prominent public intellectuals, economist Lester Brown and geographer Jared Diamond. In this course we look at Brown's work in its latest incarnation, Plan B 4.0. We discuss this in light of current events. We then look at Jared Diamond's book Collapse, How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed and critical response to that book by experts. I include a personal perspective as an archaeologist working with the ancient Maya civilization. The Maya are famous for the ninth century AD collapse of their Classic civilization. The readings provide the basis for discussion of the challenges we face in understanding the life histories of societies and discerning what we can conclude about the future from their experiences. This course is available to first year non-transfer students only.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 1102 First-Year Seminar: Anthropological Perspectives on Covid-19

This class explores the evolving relationships between humans, animals, and the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19. In examining COVID-19 and other zoonotic outbreaks, this course emphasizes that a complex mix of ecological, political, economic, and social factors shape infectious disease emergence and epidemiology. Drawing on popular media, medico-scientific scholarship, and ethnographic case studies, we will explore topics including zoonotic jumping and bioinsecurity, environmental degradation and animal agriculture, unequal burdens of risk and disease, politics and public health policy debates, and the lived experience of front-line healthcare, illness, and quarantine. In so doing, we consider the role anthropological research and perspectives might play in understanding and ameliorating global health problems in diverse contexts around the world.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 1103 Global Population Issues

The objective of this course is to provide students with a broad overview of global population growth and its sociocultural, political, and economic ramifications. Prerequisite: This course is open to January Scholars Program Students only.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 1104 FYS: The Ritual Landscape of Cahokia: Perspectives on the Politics of Religion & Chiefly Power

The purpose of this class is to engage and challenge freshman students in an open discussion about the prehistoric Mississippian community of Cahokia. The focus of this course is two-fold. The first is to study the way in which the archaeological evidence has been interpreted. The second is to examine other perspectives on Cahokia, especially from the Native American descendants who consecrated this landscape nearly a millennium ago. An underlying tenet of this seminar in understanding Cahokia can also be achieved through the traditions and literature of Native Americans. In the end we want to understand the basis for Cahokia's organization as a prehistoric Native American community, and the role that ritual and religion played in the rather dramatic and dynamic history of this community and the surrounding region.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 1105 First-Year Seminar: 20,000 Years On Turtle Island: A Deep History of North America

The twin premises of this course are that humans are the subject of history and that history should begin at the beginning. American history courses normally begin with the colonization of the New World by Europeans beginning in the 15th century, sometimes with a cursory chapter dedicated to the 20,000 years of history that came before. This course will invert this structure and place what we normally think of as American history in the context of a much longer story by drawing on sources from many disciplines, including archaeology, ethnography, ecology, geology, linguistics, and oral history. We will focus on contested events or issues, where our sources tell different stories, and we will consider what is at stake for defenders of different narratives. Throughout the course, we will ask how the lack of written records limits our understanding of North American history, but we will also consider how other sources of evidence about the past can be used to include populations and themes normally underrepresented by textual histories. The goals of this course are as follows: (1) to put recent American history in its proper context; (2) to show how historical narratives are constructed and contested; and (3) to give students tools other than written records with which to construct history. Course is for first-year, non-transfer students only.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 1106 First Year Seminar: Our Cultures in 3D

Today's digital technologies provide rapidly evolving ways to interact with people, material culture, social landscapes, architecture, and the environment. Virtual reality and 3-D modeling from both terrestrial and drone-based remote sensing, photogrammetry, LiDAR and other applications provide us with unprecedented tools to reconstruct, test, and experience these many aspects of culture and the environment. In some cases,virtual tools also allow us to experience places far away and learn about cultures which are different from our own. In this course we will learn the basics of 3-D modeling and virtual reconstruction, and explore a range of ways 3D modeling is used in Anthropological and environmental applications. In this class you will learn how cutting-edge technologies are used in a variety of sectors related to Anthropology and Archaeology, such as heritage management, environmental assessment, digital museum exhibits, and more. Methodologically you will be given the opportunity - through your own project - to explore how to acquire data using tools such as terrestrial and drone-based photography, how to produce 3-D models with the latest software tools, and how to package these assets for productive and ethical dissemination. In the end, you will work with a teammate to produce 3D models related to a project of your choice, and your learning will be focused via the development of your project. This course is available to first year non-transfer students only.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 1141 Ampersand: Medicine and Society

This course provides the basic foundation in medical anthropology and cultural anthropology for students enrolled in the Medicine and Society Program. The purpose of the course is to introduce students to the central themes and theoretical approaches employed by medical anthropologists to study health and illness in cross-cultural perspective. Topical areas include analyses of disease, illness and sickness at micro and macro levels; impact of personal and interpersonal factors on health; health effects of social, political, and economic factors; relationship of anthropology to biological and social science approaches; ecology of health and development; and cross-cultural health studies of language, gender, and race/ethnicity. Note: Content for this course overlaps with and replaces Anth 160 for students enrolled in the Medicine and Society Program. Open only to students enrolled in the Medicine and Society Program.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 1142 Ampersand: Medicine and Society

This course is the required second-semester sequence of the introduction to medical anthropology and cultural anthropology for students enrolled in the Medicine and Society program. The course builds upon material introduced in Anthro 141, and it provides greater ethnographic context for the cross-cultural study of health and illness. Topical areas include analyses of disease, illness and sickness at micro and macro levels; the impact of personal and interpersonal factors on health; the health effects of social, political, and economic factors; the relationship of anthropology to biological and social sciences approaches; the ecology of health and development; and cross-cultural health studies of language, gender, and race/ethnicity.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, SC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 1400 Proseminar

This course is designed to introduce the student to current issues in anthropology and to research being carried out by faculty. Topics vary each year. Each departmental member addresses issues in their particular specialty. The course is required of all majors; it may also be taken before declaring the major, and it may be taken by non-majors.

Credit 1 unit. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 1510 Introduction to Human Evolution

A survey of the fossil evidence for human evolution. The course includes discussion of the genetics of human variation and evolution, the study of living non-human primates, and the fossil record and its interpretation. An evolutionary perspective is used in an attempt to understand modern humans from the naturalistic point of view.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM BU: SCI

Typical periods offered: Fall, Summer

ANTHRO 1520 Introduction to Cultural Anthropology

This course introduces the basic concepts, theories, and methods of Cultural Anthropology - an academic discipline that studies the diversity of human cultures and societies. The purpose is to provide a broad perspective on the types of research that anthropologists undertake, and to engage in a critical dialogue on how the work of anthropologists contributes to understanding the human condition. Introduction to Cultural Anthropology is a portal into more advanced anthropology courses.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, SC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S UColl: CD

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring, Summer

ANTHRO 1530 Introduction to Archaeology

Archaeology plays a critical and unique role in understanding the human past. Through study of the methods and theories of archaeology, and a survey of important firsts in the human past, this course introduces students to the way archaeologists use material culture to reconstruct and understand human behavior. Chronologically ordered case studies from around the globe are used to look at social, ecological, and cultural issues facing humans from the earliest times to the present. Students gain practice reconstructing the past through hands-on participation in two 1-hour labs focusing on lithics and animal bones. By the end of the course, students are expected to be able to think critically about how the past is presented, and why, and the importance of the past as it relates to the present and future.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring, Summer

ANTHRO 1995 Anthropology Cousework Completed Abroad

Credit 12 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 1996 Anthropology Elective: 100-Level

External transfer credit

Credit 3 units. EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 2004 Anthropology and the Modern World

What cultural anthropologists are learning about major issues of our time: cultures facing destruction, communal societies, sex roles, poverty, political repression in the Third World--sharpening the study of our own culture.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC BU: BA, ETH

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 2005 Anthropology of America

Introduction to anthropological studies of Americans. Topics include tracing roots of the national culture, comparing methods for researching our diversity, analyzing ethnographies of ethnic subcultures, and reviewing ways to explain divergent cultural forces in the United States.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 2009 World Archaeology

If we carefully peer beneath the earth's surface, we will discover a hidden world that is being rediscovered by archaeologists. A considerable amount of excitement is generated by the discovery of lost civilizations and societies. Archaeologists from every corner of the earth come to Washington University to share their experiences as they use the most sophisticated technology to rediscover those forgotten and sometimes embarrassing aspects of our human past.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: HUM, LCD Arch: HUM Art: HUM BU: HUM, IS EN: H

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 2015 Films, Human Evolution, and Cultures

Anthropological perspectives on human biology and cultural diversity through classic and modern films. Topics include evolution and human variation, culture and world views, and social critique. Prerequisite: Enrollment limited to freshmen and sophomores, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, ETH

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 2020 Archaeological Fantasies and Hoaxes

American popular culture is saturated with pseudoscientific and fictionalized accounts of archaeological discoveries and interpretations. How can students of the past distinguish between fraud, fantasy, hype, and valid archaeological research? What potential merit do films, TV-oriented documentaries, and historical fiction offer? What role has racism played in attempts to deny indigenous peoples credit for their past achievements? This course looks at the popular culture of archaeology, providing tolls for critical evaluation as well as lifetime enjoyment of the field as it is frequently sold to both the informed and the unwary public. Anthropology majors and non-majors are all welcome as are sophomores and motivated first-year students who have not yet declared majors.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 2151 Language, Culture, and Society

This course explores the relationships between linguistic practice and other social and cultural processes. Among the topics to be discussed are language and social identity, language and thought, language and gender, multilingualism and language shift as well as the connections between language and the identity of ethnically or nationally defined communities. The course format will alternate between classic theoretical readings and ethnographic case studies on the interplay between linguistic practice and ideology as well as cultural and social processes.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 2196 Practical Applications in Anthropology

Earn credit for an approved internship in Anthropology.

Credit 3 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring, Summer

ANTHRO 2600 Topics in Health and Community

A survey of current topics in community health and medicine, with an emphasis upon social science approaches to issues affecting medicine and medical care in contemporary U.S. society. Issues include ethical debates in health care delivery, social stratification and health, access to health services, and factors affecting community wellness at local, national, and global levels. Presented as a weekly series of topical presentations by community health experts from the St. Louis area. Required for students enrolled in the Medicine and Society Program, and also open to other interested students.

Credit 1 unit. EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 2654 Healthcare Challenges in Modern China

As the most populous country in the world, China has many challenges regarding medicine, health and healthcare delivery. In this course several major healthcare challenges facing China will be explored. Students will have the opportunity to learn not just from published research and class discussion but also from the perspectives of those who spend their lives studying the social, political, and cultural dynamics of these issues as well as those who devote their careers to the practice of healthcare in China. Must be enrolled in the study abroad program at Fudan University in Shanghai, China.

Credit 1 unit. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 2900 Independent Study

Designed to give undergraduates research experience in the various subdisciplines of Anthropology. May be taken more than once for credit. Prerequisite: consent of the faculty member under whom the research will be done.

Credit 3 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 2996 Anthropology Elective: 200-Level

External transfer credit

Credit 3 units. EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3000 Internships in Anthropology

Anthropology majors may acquire professional experience outside the classroom by participating in a faculty-sponsored internship. Before work begins, the student and faculty sponsor must agree on a final written project, which is then approved by the Anthropology Academic Coordinator. Students will be evaluated by the faculty sponsor on the basis of the written project and input from the internship supervisor. Course may only be taken one time. Prerequisite: 9 hours of anthropology and permission of department.

Credit 3 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3020 Anthropology of India

An introduction to the societies and cultures of India through its social margins. Our approach will leverage scholarship from many fields, highlighting the strengths and limitations of singular-discipline analyses and universalized histories. Ethnographic narratives will be woven into historical accounts of major cultural shifts. Students will learn to evaluate and apply multi-vocal perspectives on larger global issues that have transformed India since the end of colonization, including demographic, economic, social, cultural, political, and religious change. Topics will include population and life expectancy, civil society, social-moral relationships, caste and communalism, youth and consumerism, the new urban middle class, environment and health, tourism, public and religious cultures, social activism, politics and law

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3022 Peoples and Cultures of the Middle East

This course will introduce the cultural diversity and unity of the peoples of the Middle East. The emphasis is on historical and ethnological relationships, social and political structure, religious pluralism and contemporary youth issues. We will explore the lived experiences of the peoples in the modern nation-states of Egypt, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Israel, the Palestinian Territories, Turkey, Saudi Arabia and the countries of the Arabian Peninsula, Iraq, and Iran. We will access this material through short stories, poetry, biographies, essays, videos, blogs, and political and anthropological reports.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: IS

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3030 Greater Central Asia in Crisis

This course will focus on contemporary issues in the ex-Soviet republics of Central Asia and Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, but it will also include extensive reading on the social history of the region, in order to enable understanding of the social dynamics at work.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, IS

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3038 Anthropology of Refugees, Asylum, and Forced Migration

What does it mean to be a refugee? Where do refugees reside, and from where do they originate? How are they distinguished, legally and in the public imagination, from other migrants? What challenges do they face? This course will address these questions and many more, giving students a detailed and nuanced understanding of asylum and international protection in the contemporary world. After a brief overview of the history of refugee status and asylum, the course will focus on modern-day populations of refugees and asylum seekers and the primary challenges they face. Topics to be covered include: refugee camps, refugee resettlement, asylum seekers, Palestinian refugees, women refugees, LGBTQIA+ refugees, climate refugees, mental health, refugee integration and adaptation, and public response to refugees. Additionally, we will discuss different career paths for working with refugees and asylum seekers, and we will welcome several guest speakers with experience in this field, including a psychologist, a documentary filmmaker, a journalist, and a social worker. Students will have the opportunity to complete a migrant interview project, in which they will interview a friend, family member, or other close acquaintance who is a migrant with the guidance of the instructor, culminating in a final paper. Alternatively, they may choose to complete a traditional term paper. Class materials will include articles and book chapters from the fields of anthropology, history, psychology, and political science as well as newspaper articles, documentary films, and short videos. This course will be useful for students hoping to work in migration, humanitarian aid, or global health in the future. Prerequisites: None. Introduction to Cultural Anthropology is recommended, but not required. The course can be successfully completed without having taken other anthropology courses. Please consult the instructor if you have any concerns.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3045 Africa: Peoples and Cultures

An anthropological survey of Africa from the classic ethnographies to contemporary studies of development. Emphasis on the numerous social and economic changes African peoples have experienced from pre-colonial times to the present.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: IS

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3051 Anthropology of Tibet and the Himalayas

This course is an anthropological and historical examination of Tibetan societies inhabiting the Tibetan Plateau and the highlands of Nepal. In addition to providing basic ethnographic descriptions of Tibetan societies, the course will explore the changing nature of relations between Tibet and China, and between Tibet and the West. Guiding concepts include adaptation (both social and ecological), the politics of ethnicity and identity, and processes of culture change.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

ANTHRO 3053 Nomadic Strategies and Extreme Ecologies

This course will explore the archaeology and anthropology of nomadic pastoral societies in light of their ecological, political, and cultural strategies and adaptation to extreme environments (deserts, mountains, the Arctic). The aim of this course is to understand both the early development of pastoral ways of life and how nomads have had an essential role in the formation and transfer of culture, language, and power from prehistoric time to the current era.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3055 Contemporary Chinese Culture and Society

This course provides an introduction to emerging trends in Chinese culture and society. We will explore processes of change and continuity in the People's Republic, examining the complexity of social issues and the dynamics of cultural unity and diversity. While we will focus on the post-Mao reform era (1978 to the present), we will consider how contemporary developments draw upon the legacies of the Maoist revolution as well as the pre-socialist past. The course provides an overview of anthropological approaches to the study of contemporary China, introducing students to key concepts, theories, and frameworks integral to the analysis of Chinese culture and society. Readings, lectures, and discussions will highlight not only macro-level processes of social change and continuity but also the everyday experiences of individuals involved in these processes. We will pay particular attention to issues of family life, institutional culture, migration, religion, ethnicity, gender, consumption, and globalization.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3056 Material Culture in Modern China

In this course, we will explore change and continuity from late imperial to postsocialist China through an analysis of everyday material culture. Drawing upon material objects, historical texts, ethnographic studies, and films, we will investigate values, beliefs and attitudes towards the material world in modern Chinese life. Readings, lectures, and discussions will focus on how political, ethnic, regional, religious, and gender identities have been constructed and shaped by the use and production of material artifacts ranging from household goods and tomb objects to built forms and bodily dispositions. Case studies include foot-binding, opium use, fashion, tea culture, fast food consumption, sports and nation building, contemporary art markets, the privatization of housing, and worker discipline in transnational factories.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: HUM, LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, HUM, IS EN: S

ANTHRO 3059 New Departures in the Study of Culture, Health, and Medical Practices in Contemporary China

Drawing upon an interdisciplinary approach, this course addresses several major themes with a focus on the dynamics of China's unprecedented healthcare transformations. Topical issues covered will include: Biocultural Contexts of Disease; the Challenge of Aging in a Gray China; Health Inequalities and Social Stratification; and Values and the Medical Humanities in Public Health.**Students are encouraged to conduct ethnographic field research in a variety of settings including: community health centers, drug stores, city and district hospitals, clinics, public parks, clubs, temples and shrines, tea houses, cafes, restaurants, and school playgrounds and other places of interest. MUST BE ENROLLED IN THE STUDY ABROAD PROGRAM AT FUDAN UNIVERSITY IN SHANGHAI, CHINA.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3069 Anthropology of the Life Cycle

Cultural variations in life's sequences: stages and passages, individualizing, maturing, aging, attachment, loss. The richness of culture via individual lives.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3070 Human Variation

A survey of human biological diversity, considering its adaptive and taxonomic significance from the perspective of origins and distribution of traits and adaptation. Prerequisite: Anthro 150A or introductory biology.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM, AN Art: NSM BU: SCI

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3092 Indigenous Peoples and Movements in Latin America

This course focuses on the contemporary lives and political struggles of Indigenous Peoples in Latin America, with specific focus on Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Through course lectures, ethnographic texts, and four in-depth case studies, we explore how the politics of Indigeneity articulate with political and economic processes including (neo)colonialism, global capitalism, state transformation and social movement struggle. Themes include: demands for territory and autonomy; environmentalism and natural resource exploitation; gender and economic inequality; race, racism and political violence; language and education; and the complexities of building multicultural or plurinational democracies.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: IS

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3093 Anthropology of Modern Latin America

A survey of current issues in the anthropological study of culture, politics, and change across contemporary Latin American and the Caribbean. Topics include machismo and feminismo, the drug war, race and mestizaje, yuppies and revolutionaries, ethnic movements, pop culture, violence, multinational business, and the cultural politics of U.S.-Latin American relations. Attention will be given to the ways that anthropology is used to understand complex cultural and social processes in a region thoroughly shaped by globalization.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3095 The Incas and Their Ancestors: The Archaeology of the Ancient Andes

From the hyper-arid desert of the Pacific Coast to the high-mountain plateaus of the Andes more than 12,000 feet above sea level to the lush forested Amazonian lowlands, Western South America presents one of the most diverse natural and cultural environments in the world and one of the few places where social complexity first developed. Beginning with the earliest human occupations in the region more than 12,000 years ago, this course examines how domestication, urbanization, the rise of early states, and major technological inventions changed life in the Andes from small village societies to the largest territorial polity of the Americas - the Inca Empire. Students will become familiar with the major debates in the field of Andean archaeology. Together, we will examine archaeological evidence (architecture, art, ceramics, metals, textiles, plant and animal remains, etc.) from context of everyday life (households, food production, craft production) to the rituals and ceremonies (offerings, tombs) that took place in domestic and public spaces. We will also touch on the role of Andean archaeology in the context of national politics and heritage sustainability.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3096 Sama-Peru Archaeological Field School

This course will take place 06/15/2019-07/20/2019 Monday-Saturday 7AM-5PM. This archaeological fieldschool is designed to train students in archaeological research methods. Instruction takes place at the site of Los Batanes, a first-millennium A.D. coastal colony of highland populations in Sama, Tacna, southern Peru. Through daily field and lab research students will acquire knowledge of excavation and survey methods in the field and be trained on conservation and analysis of human remains, ceramics, lithics, textiles, plant and faunal remains. Lectures about current archaeological topics by established and young scholars in the field will provide students with knowledge about the prehistory of the Andes and current advances in the field of archaeology. Excursions to nearby archaeological sites and nature research illustrate the natural and cultural diversity of the Andean coast and highlands. As active members of an ongoing archaeological research project, students are required to keep notes, fill out forms, complete technical drawings, etc. Performance in the class is assessed based on participation in the field and lab, record keeping, and an oral final exam at the end of the course.

Credit 6 units. A&S IQ: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Summer

ANTHRO 3098 The Forest and the Factory: Culture, Environment, and History in the Amazon Basin

The Amazon basin encompasses large portions of nine different South American nations - Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana - which together comprise one of the most important centers of cultural, linguistic, and ecological diversity in the world. However, portrayals of the Amazon as either a pristine natural landscape or repository of cultural otherness all too often obscure the basin's centrality as a site of conflict, labor struggle, and social change. From pre-colonial mound-building to 19th century rubber extraction and modern-day environmentalism, rural and urban Amazonians have altered the course of global events through their engagements with their natural and social environment. This seminar surveys Indigenous, colonial, and post-colonial perspectives on the Amazon basin to center its residents as key actors on the world stage. It attempts to provide participants with an introduction to the historical materialist method of inquiry, as well as the utility of a regional perspective towards understanding the drivers of contemporary social and environmental change. During this course, we will engage critically with ethnographic and scholarly texts as a means of understanding the history and social organization of a key global region and its peoples.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: HUM, LCD BU: HUM EN: H

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3100 Defense Against the Dark Arts: An Anthropological Approach to the Study of Religion and Health

This class is a comparative survey of religion, magic, and witchcraft as they are related to concepts of the body, health, healing and death across cultures. As such, students in this class will be expected to simultaneously learn details from particular magical and healing traditions studied in class, as well as to relate these details to theories about within the discipline of Anthropology (medical, cultural, psychological) and the field of Religious Studies. Special themes addressed in the class are the reasonableness of belief in magic, religion and religious practice as magical, the body and definitions of health, healing, and illness and disease as symbolically, culturally, even magically constructed and experienced.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3101 Topics in Anthropology

Discuss different topics in Anthropology

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3102 Topics in Anthropology: Sustainability in Extractive Communities

This course offers an in-depth exploration of the meaning and practice of sustainability in extractive communities, with a particular focus on understanding the anthropological perspective on; (1) the complexity and shifting concepts of sustainability and (2) the social ties of extraction, all of which significantly influence sustainability practices in extractive communities. Our discussions will focus on extractive communities - the people living in frontline and surrounding towns where mineral resources are extracted. These communities' environmental, economic, and social well-being is inextricably linked to mineral extraction and utilization, despite the adverse effects of such exploitative endeavors. By thoroughly examining elements of identity, power, and the unspoken promises of extraction, students will gain a nuanced understanding of the challenges and opportunities involved in extractive communities' pursuit of sustainability.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3103 Topics in Anthropology: Film and Anthropology

Cinema is inherently anthropological. Its subject matter almost always focuses on some aspect of the human condition- inner struggles, collective triumphs, social dramas. Even those with nonhuman subjects are still themselves human products, indices of cultural and social meaning. As this revolutionary art form turns (more or less) 100, this class will reflect on the multifaceted relationship between cinema and anthropology. Course materials will include several narrative and documentary films, as well as a wide set of scholarly readings on visual anthropology, the depiction of anthropology in film, and how to view films as texts. There are no prerequisites, but the course is heavily reading- and discussion-based.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3105 Topics in Anthopology: Anthropology of Drugs

The two meanings of the English word 'drug' capture our ambivalent relationship with certain compounds- are they anti-social, addictive, and recreational? Or tightly regulated, life-saving medical technologies? In this course, we will consider and complicate this distinction as we take a broad look at the significance of a handful of chemicals to human society. Reading from a range of ethnographies, literary works, philosophical texts, and historical articles, students will learn to articulate the complex role drugs play in everyday life, business, governance, and popular culture. Topics will include antidepressants, statins, psychedelics and cannabis, alcohol, opiates and other analgesics, antibiotics, and stimulants.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3110 The Anthropology of Magic

Mankind has long attempted to master magic: action(s) intended to invoke and influence suprasensible forces. Many of us still practice magic today, knowingly or unknowingly. Cultural anthropologists and ethnologists provide accounts about the histories of magicians into the present, but ancient material evidence of magic is also supplied to archaeologists. This course draws from these kinds of sources to appreciate the roles magic plays in past and present cultures. Guided by Anthony Aveni's textbook Behind the Crystal Ball, this course highlights how magic inspired innovative concepts and practices, including those that propel modern science today. Using globally diverse case studies, this course provides a conceptual framework for understanding the social roles of magic at different scales and expose magic in political, religious, and scientific contexts. What cultural values arepreserved by magical practices? In what ways doesmagic fulfill societal needs? What legacies doesmagic leave for our benefit or deficit today? Following a midterm covering essential concepts, students will pursue independent projects that examine the material and ethnohistorical evidence for magic in specific cultural contexts. Fulfilling these requirements, students will learn how to analytically approach othered (or exoticized) behaviors as attempts to better understand the social and physical world.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3122 From Country to Heavy Metal: Ancient Civilizations of the Old World

This course will explore the archaeology of Europe, the Near East, and Central Asia from approximately 10,000 years ago to classical times (ending before Ancient Greece). This prehistoric epoch saw major developments among various civilizations of the Old World, such as the introduction of agriculture, animal domestication, the growth of cities, and technological developments such as pottery, metallurgy, and horse-riding. A major focus will be the trajectory of cultural innovations of regional populations through time, and the complexity of their social, political, and ritual practices. We will also investigate the variation in human adaptive strategies to various environmental and social contexts, from hunter/gatherers to early Neolithic farmers, to the interactions between nomadic populations and larger scale, urban societies in the Bronze and Iron Ages.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3125 Before Columbus: Indigenous Histories of North America Before 1492

An archaeological perspective on the deep histories of Indigenous peoples in North America. From the initial colonization of the continent 13,000 years ago to European contact in the 16th Century, we illuminate the ancestral peoples and places of contemporary Indigenous Tribes and Nations.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3129 The Pandemic: Science and Society

The COVID-19 Pandemic has severely impacted life on Earth, and in the USA, in particular. New information is released daily to a public that is often unable to interpret the meaning or significance. How are individuals, groups, businesses, and/or governments interpreting this information? What impact does it all have on our lives? This course will be an immersion into the many intersecting aspects of life in a pandemic. The first section of the course will focus on the virus and illness itself: the scientific classification, possible treatments and vaccines, testing, safety measures, at-risk groups and health outcomes for different groups, and understanding the numbers. This section will incorporate lessons on how to interpret and evaluate scientific information, how the information gets communicated to the public, and how it gets incorporated into policy. The second section will start to integrate connections to society at large, including health disparities, understanding how environmental destruction and agricultural systems are related to disease outbreaks, global connections, racism and COVID-19, and variation in effectiveness of dealing with the virus in different countries. The final section will cover how the pandemic intersects with different aspect of our lives from finance to law, mental health, education, domestic violence, the arts, and on and on. You will hear experts in these areas talk to us about how COVID-19 has changed virtually every aspect of life as we know, how we can mitigate these effects, and what the future looks like. Throughout the course, you will have the opportunity to hone your skills at communicating the information you learn in the class with the public. Note: This course is a Fall Intersession course and it will be included on your FL2020 schedule. No additional tuition will be charged assuming you are enrolled full time. These units will be included in the 21 unit maximum allowed by regular semester tuition.For this intersession course the last day to add the course: 8/19/20; the last day to drop without a W: 8/21/20; last day to withdraw from course: 8/31/20; the last day to change grade option: 9/4/20. Students may add or drop the course themselves through WebSTAC through 8/17. After this date students should request that the change be made manually in the College of Arts & Sciences (mkaltwasser@wustl.edu).

Credit 2 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: IS, SCI EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3134 The AIDS Epidemic: Inequalities, Ethnography, and Ethics

In the year 2000, HIV became the world's leading infectious cause of adult death, and in the next ten years, AIDS will kill more people than all wars of the twentieth century combined. As the global epidemic rages on, our greatest enemy in combating HIV/AIDS is not knowledge or resources, but global inequalities and the conceptual frameworks with which we understand health, human interaction, and sexuality. This course emphasizes the ethnographic approach for cultural analysis of responses to HIV/AIDS. Students will explore the relationship between local communities and wider historical and economic processes, and theoretical approaches to disease, the body, ethnicity/race, gender, sexuality, risk, addiction, power, and culture. Other topics covered include the cultural construction of AIDS and risk, government responses to HIV/AIDS, origin and transmission debates, ethics and responsibilities, drug testing and marketing, the making of the AIDS industry and risk categories, prevention and education strategies, interaction between bio-medicine and alternative healing systems, and medical advances and hopes.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3136 The Second Wave of the Pandemic: Science and Society

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted life around the world and particularly in the United States. New information is released daily to a public that is often unable to interpret its meaning or significance. How are individuals, groups, businesses, and/or governments interpreting this information? What impact does it all have on our lives? This course will be an immersion into the many intersecting aspects of life in a pandemic. Early in the course, we will review safety information and some basics about the virus, including information covered in Anthro 3135 The Pandemic: Science and Society. Please note that students do not need to take Anthro 3135 to enroll in this course. At the same time, students who did take Anthro 3135 are encouraged to enroll, as we will cover new information and different topics. Students will hear experts in these areas talk to us about how COVID-19 has changed virtually every aspect of life as we know it, how we can mitigate these effects, and what the future looks like. Throughout the course, students will have the opportunity to hone their skills at communicating the information they learn in the class by discussing with each other and sharing with the public.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3139 Diseases At the Human-Wildlife Interface

Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) threaten humans and endangered species. EID outbreaks in humans are increasing in frequency and are often the result of zoonotic transmission, particularly as we continue to modify the landscape and closely interact with wildlife. This course will explore the recent trend in increasing rates of EIDs, the factors associated with zoonotic disease transmission, the particular types of pathogens and species of animals of most concern for future outbreaks, and ways we can try to predict the next pandemic. We will discuss the human-wildlife interface, participatory methods for advancing work in disease prevention, the science of emerging infectious diseases, and the societal impacts of such diseases.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM BU: SCI

ANTHRO 3149 Caring for Country: Hunter Gatherer Ecologies

What makes humans special? Is it our use of tools? Language? Culture? Humanity has been defined on the basis of its uniquely well-developed capacities for using technology, language, and culturally encoded knowledge and belief systems. In this course, we will explore a new hypothesis of human exceptionalism: a fundamental tendency to cultivate and care for lands. Our genius for reshaping ecosystems and incorporating other species into our societies is intimately linked to our technological and communicative skills. We have used these skills to migrate into and reshape every Earthly environment. We will explore the ethnographies, oral and written histories, and archaeologies, of so-called hunter-gatherers around the world, learning about the ways they shaped and tended their homelands using ecological knowledge systems. In this era of human induced environmental change - from global warming, to mass extinction, to genetic engineering - it is critically important that we look to our species' true ecological history for the wisdom that will help us meet these challenges.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, ETH, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3150 Securing Food: (Pre)historic Perspectives, Present Challenges, and the Future of Human Subsistence

For the first time in decades, the number of people suffering from hunger worldwide is on the rise. In 2017, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations warned that mounting pressures on natural resources and climate change have put global food security in jeopardy, calling for necessary transformative change in agriculture and food systems. Securing access to food resources has always been critical to the survival of our species. From hunting and gathering to the factory farm, past and present human societies have employed a diverse spectrum of strategies to keep themselves fed. Some have provided sustenance for millennia, proving their resilience and adapting to climatic and social challenges. Others have emerged more recently, rapidly transforming and interconnecting food systems in unprecedented ways. However, all are the result of long-term and deep-time trajectories shaped by environmental, economic, social, cultural, and political opportunities and needs. Today, we face the legacy of these trajectories in our present struggle to attain and maintain food security for our species. How might an understanding of this legacy and of the context, origins, and effects of food systems in our deep and more recent past inform our understanding and action in the present?

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3151 Evolution of the Human Diet

Many researchers and health enthusiasts believe that the abandonment of our Paleolithic diet and lifestyle with the onset of agriculture some 10,000 years ago has lead to a rapid decline in health and perpetuated countless diseases of civilization. While diet fads come and go, it seems this new enthusiasm for Paleo diets is here to stay. But what is a Paleo diet anyway? Through a comparative evolutionary and anthropological approach we will examine the diets of extinct hominins, our extant primate relatives, ethnohistoric and contemporary foraging peoples, and even our own dietary habits. We will strive to answer key questions about diets in prehistory and their implications for living people today: How do we know what our ancestors ate? How have dietary hypotheses been used to explain processes in human evolution? How bad is agriculture for global health? What role did certain foods play in shaping our modern physiology? Are we maladapted to our contemporary diets? What does it mean to eat Paleo? A mix of discussion and lecture will encourage students to develop their own interests in human evolutionary nutrition.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: SCI EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3152 Archaeology of Ancient Egypt

This course will cover major topics in the archaeology of ancient Egypt, incorporating the latest debates and archaeological discoveries. The course will emphasize Egyptian material culture, including settlements, landscapes, cities, tombs, pyramids, and temples, in order to model the wider cultural and social development over the past five millennia as well as the place of Egypt, globally. Students will learn to critically approach and assess Egyptian material culture in order to understand the social, historical, and geographical context of ancient Egypt - one of the most intriguing cultures in human history.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3157 Politics and Religion in Contemporary Society

Religions are on the move. Globalization has meant that larger numbers of people are finding new places to live, and in the process, setting up churches, mosques, temples, or other ways to worship in new cities and town. Muslims move to Europe and North America; new Protestant and Catholic churches appear throughout Africa and South America; Chinese communities blossom everywhere. As they do, so they raise new questions: How do global migrations lead to adaptations of religious traditions? How do states manage new degrees of religious diversity, and in some cases, new levels of religious demands? How do transnational religious structures fit with national politics? We will explore these issues by looking outward from our base in Paris. France has the highest percentage of Muslims of any country in Western Europe or North America. It has fast-growing arrays of evangelical churches and Buddhist temples; and it is a nation of both Catholic heritage and secularist politics. How do all these ideas and people mix? We will visit some of Paris' religious institutions and learn from both religious figures and French scholars. We will also study religion and politics in a comparative way, focusing on the issues mentioned above, and looking at case studies from Africa, Asia, and the Americas.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: HUM, LCD BU: HUM, IS EN: H

Typical periods offered: Summer

ANTHRO 3160 Religion, Ritual, and Worldview

A survey of ideas and practices in both tribal and world religions with emphasis on key rituals, symbols and the place of religion in the modern world.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: HUM, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, ETH, HUM EN: S

Typical periods offered: Summer

ANTHRO 3162 Anthropology of Europe

This course examines the anthropology of European cultures, from folklore and village studies to the present concern with the European Union. We will consider early ethnographies of rural European villages, the formation and influence of ideas about Europe and Eastern Europe, and contemporary European issues including ethnic conflict, immigration, religion, nationalism, relationships between regions, and relationships between center and periphery in individual nation states and in Europe as a whole.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

ANTHRO 3163 Archaeology of China: Food and People

China is a country with a large population, diverse landscapes, and unique food. This course will explore the origins of Chinese food in the context of the formation of Chinese societies. During the last two decades, the archaeology of China has become a fast moving subject with advances in methods, theories and changes of key perceptions. In this context, the beginning and spread of food production in China has become one of the key questions in current archaeology. We will focus on the process of domestication of plants and animals in various regions of China during the Holocene. We will explore how those processes relate to other sectors of the Old World, such as those of South and Southwest Asia. This course will pursue answers to the following questions: Why the Chinese ways of living and eating are different from those in the West? How production and consumption in China were shaped by food globalization in prehistory?

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3165 Experimental Archaeology

Experiments are an extremely important part of the scientific process. Although archaeology is often treated as an historical science, the nature of the material record does provide an opportunity to use experimentation as an important way of interpreting what we excavate. The class will be working with the most tangible materials recovered from archaeological contexts, that is stone and pottery. After reviewing the history of experimentation in archaeological investigations we will turn to the material record. This will be followed in our initial weeks of setting up the experiments and how they will be used to compare with available data sets derived from archaeological contexts. As part of the class we will take several field trips to areas where materials exist in a natural setting. Each class member will select a specific material for the focus of their experiments. In the end students will produce several experiments using different materials, document their experiments in written reports, and finally present their results to the class for discussion and evaluation.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM BU: SCI

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3170 Culture and Health

This course will explore culture and health, with a focus on global health. Assigned readings explore cross-cultural perspectives on health, healing, and the body, as well as important concepts in medical anthropology. Through class discussions and close examination of ethnographies of health and illness, students will develop an understanding of how cultural and political-economic forces articulate with the emerging field of global health.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring, Summer

ANTHRO 3175 Anthropology of Design: Artifacts, Expertise, and Insurgency

In this course we will explore the deep-seated politics and cultures of design. We will examine a number of case studies from hydraulic engineering in South Africa, gambling programs in Las Vegas, to DIY punk style in Indonesia. In the process we will explore the ways that design offers insight into other domains of social life such as addiction, inequality, statecraft, and urban citizenship.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Arch: GAMUD, GAUI Art: CPSC, SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3180 Domestication: The Evolution of Our Multispecies Family

This course explores the evolution of the plants, animals, and microbes in human-mediated ecosystems. We call these evolutionary relationships domestication and they are at the heart of humanity's successful adaptation to nearly every ecosystem on Earth. From our millennia-deep friendship with gregarious wolves, to corn's continental conquests, to 'the industrial microbiome,' this course will ask how other species have evolved in response to human societies, and how societies have been shaped by these relationships. We will primarily draw on concepts and data from anthropology and evolutionary biology to understand the process of domestication.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3181 Humans and Animals

This course uses anthropological and evolutionary data to tell the story of how changing human-animal relations influenced humans over the long term. In this course we explore the history of western conceptual divisions between humans and animals, which contrast with more fluid boundaries in other regions. Subsequent lectures focus on hunting and symbolic relations with wild animals through time, relying on ancient animal bones, ancient art and texts. Current and future human-animal relationships will also be discussed. The goal of this course is to provide an overview of ways that animals have influenced human life in the 21st century. Changing environments and animal behavior form the backdrop to cultural discussions.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3182 Ancient Africa: Social Mosaics and Environmental Challenges

This class introduces students to the basics of the archaeological record of humans in Africa from 3.6 M.Y. to 1000 years ago. The first third of the course focuses on early humans, the origins of meat eating, expansion of diet and cuisine, technical and cultural responses to changing environments. The second section of the course emphasizes African rock art, socio-economic variability among hunter-gatherers, the origins of African pastoralism, mobile responses to climate change and African contributions to world food supply including domestication of sorghum, also coffee. The last third of the course is devoted to the complex urban societies of ancient Africa, Egypt, Axum, Great Zimbabwe, and Jenne Jeno. Course format is lecture and discussion. There are two mid-terms and students are expected to participate in interactive stone tool use, rock art creation, and discussion of ethnographic and archaeological data on pastoral decision-making in times of drought and war and of issues surrounding the purchase of African antiquities and conservation of cultural heritage.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3184 The East African Coast From the 1st Century CE to 1800ce

This course is designed to provide students a broad and critical understanding of the history and archaeology of the East African coast and its global interconnections. Beginning with an introduction to the methodological and theoretical approaches of African history and archaeology, the course surveys archaeological and historical research focusing on the East coast of Africa (Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, and offshore Islands). Temporally, this course will range from the Early Iron age to 1800 CE. Topics include geography and environmental history, periodization, foodways, urbanism, craftsmanship, architecture, cross-cultural exchange and materiality, belief systems and current conservation and heritage preservation efforts. This course combines lectures and class discussions for a critical use of contemporary sources, oral histories, and archaeological discoveries.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Arch: HUM Art: HUM BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3190 Myth and Society

Notions of virtue and sublimity, origins and significance, history and eschatology as they are enshrined in narrative, didactic instruction, and other means of representing collective interests; their influence on society and social movements.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3201 Gender, Culture, and Madness

This course will explore the relationships among gender constructs, cultural values, and definitions of mental health and illness. Understandings of the proper roles, sensibilities, emotions, and dispositions of women and men are often culturally and morally loaded as indicators of the proper selves permitted in a given context. Across cultures, then, gender often becomes an expressive idiom for the relative health of the self. Gender identities or presentations that run counter to these conventions are frequently identified as disordered and in need of fixing. In this course, we will take up these issues through three fundamental themes: the social and cultural (re)production of gendered bodies and dispositions; the normalization of these productions and the subsequent location of madness in divergent or dissonant experiences of embodiment; and the situation of discourses of madness within debates of resistance and conformity, selfhood and agency.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC, SC Art: SSC BU: BA, ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3202 Anthropological Perspectives on Women's Health

The principle goal of this course is to explore the health issues/risks women face around the world. In order to achieve this goal, we will take a life cycle approach beginning with the birth of female babies through adolescence, adulthood, and finally through the aging process. Our perspective will be biocultural, defined as the synergistic interaction between biology and culture. By comparing a diversity of health experiences across cultures, we can carefully examine the ways in which culture constructs perceptions of health and effective delivery of health care. Students will finish the term with a clearer understanding of the biology of life cycle changes, how health inequalities are generated and perpetuated, and how to make more informed decisions about their own health choices. Prerequisite: Anthro 160 or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3203 Advanced Seminar in Medicine and Society: Patients, Politics and Policy

This course is designed to build on foundations provided in the First-Year Medicine and Society Seminar. It will interrogate current health-related issues, including gender, sexuality, politics, policy, and economics. We will also explore how these and many other issues, demographics, and so on impact current health- and healing-related decisions and policies. We will read about and unpack contemporary issues in health care (insurance, big pharma, gender and sexuality, race) and have local experts visit to talk about their practical experience with and in health care. Students will be expected to engage with ethnographic, medical, economic, political and sociological material as well as current journalism to interrogate the topic. Prerequisites: Anthro 141 and Anthro 142.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3205 Peoples and Cultures of Native North America

Broad survey of Native American societies north of Mexico between the time of European contact and the present from an anthropological perspective. Social and political organization, subsistence, gender roles, religion, impacts of European and white American expansion, and efforts of Indian and Inuit people to preserve and adapt their traditions under control by dominant outside governments. Emphasis on comprehending the diversity of native North American societies, understanding factors causing change since initial European contact, recognizing biases in popular and scholarly thinking, and discussing critical issues facing Native American communities today. Prerequisite: Anth 160B or sophomore standing.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3206 Global Gender Issues

This course compares the life experiences of women and men in societies throughout the world. We discuss the evidence regarding the universal subordination of women, and examine explanations that propose to situate women's and men's personality attributes, roles and responsibilities in the biological or cultural domains. In general, through readings, films and lectures, the class will provide a cross-cultural perspective on ideas regarding gender and how gendered meanings, practices, performances serve as structuring principles in society.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3210 Ancient Mound Builders of the Mississippi Valley

Study of the peoples in North America who built mounds and other earthen structures beginning more than 4000 years ago; why they erected earthworks; what the structures were used for; how they varied through time and across space; and what significance they had to members of society.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3215 Food, Culture, and Power

What should I eat today? This seemingly simple question transects the fields of health, environmental studies, economics, history, anthropology, religion, and many others. The foods we eat, the way we get them, the way we produce them, and the way in which we eat them speak volumes about our beliefs, our technology, our understanding of how the world works, and our ability to function within it. That is, food is an excellent way to explore culture. No actions are more deserving of critical attention than those that we do regularly, without much critical thought, and most of eat at least two or three times a day. In this class we'll explore how this food came to be here, why we like it, and what that says about us. This class will be reading and discussion heavy, with a midterm paper based on the readings and a final paper based on a topic of the students' choosing.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3218 Food, Nation, Place: The Social Life of Food in Italy and Beyond

Using Italy as a case study, we will explore topics such as the social history of food and the influence of cuisine on the development of national identity. Although the primary focus of this course is on the anthropology of food culture in Italy, we will incorporate perspectives from a range of different academic disciplines and geographic locations to explore larger theoretical questions about identity, politics of place, nationalism, and globalization.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3219 Race, Class and the City, Ethnographic Perspectives

Credit 0 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3220 Anthropology of Slavery

This course provides an examination of slavery as an institution in several areas of the world. Topics include internal slavery, the organization of the slave trade, the experience of slave women, the role of slave labor in colonial economies, slave resistance and rebellion, the construction of slave communities, and the status of emancipated slaves. Regions of focus include the Americas, Africa, and the Indian Ocean.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3227 Placemaking St. Louis

Where is home? How do you know where you're from? Our points of origin (cultural, linguistic, geographic) often shape our life trajectories by telling us who we are and where we belong. The embodied ways we move through the world and our experiential relationships to particular places (in both the built and natural environments) also influence our sense of shared history and community. At the same time, the asymmetrical acceleration of travel and communication technologies has produced a globalized world that invites us to redefine the scale and scope of our neighborhoods. With the potential to be everywhere and nowhere at the same time, how do we maintain a sense of place? Anthropologists ask how and why certain places come to hold strong and lasting meaning to people. Together, we will study localization and placemaking practices through close ethnographic readings and with site visits to marked places, non-places, and contested spaces throughout the St. Louis area. This course explores the creativity and politics of place to ask, anew, what it means to be human in the early 21st century.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Arch: HUM Art: CPSC, HUM BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3230 Primate Societies

This 3-unit course introduces students to the exciting world of primate societies. The course will draw upon concepts from animal behavior, ecology, evolution and anthropology to introduce students to non-human primates and their societies, providing the tools required to comprehend how we think about the evolution of complex human societies. The course will provide an overview of the primate lineage, ecology, social systems and organization, and dispersal and mating systems, so that students can critically evaluate how we define different societies, compare across different primates and environments, and consider what facilitates more complex societies. This is an opportunity for students to explore interdisciplinary perspectives to understand what differentiates primates from other animals and what makes human society unique. After completing the course, students will be able to identify and distinguish characteristics of primates, describe and generalize different social structures seen throughout the primate lineage, and distinguish what makes humans unique compared to other primates. The course will be a combination of lecture-based instruction and small group activities.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3235 The Biological Basis of Human Behavior

Infidelity, marriage customs, inner city violence, infanticide, intelligence...Are the behavioral patterns we see genetically fixed and racially variable? What is the evolutionary and biological basis of human behavior? This course offers a critical evaluation of these from an anthropological perspective.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, NSM Art: NSM BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3240 Human Growth and Development

This course focuses on the life-history of humans from birth to death. Through a series of lectures we will consider how humans grow and change both biologically and psychologically over the course of our lives. Topics will include: human growth curves, sex-differences, adolescence and puberty, nutrition, environment, growth disorders, death, and the evolution of human growth.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3245 Primate Functional Morphology

Students will explore principles of biomechanics, adaptation and evolution to understand how behavioral variation among living primates is reflected in their anatomy. Emphasis will be placed on skeletal and dental morphology as it relates to primate locomotion, foraging and dietary adaptations. Prerequisite: Anthro 150A

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM BU: SCI

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3250 Paleoanthropology

The prehistoric Pliocene and Pleistocene evidence for human emergence and evolution. The emphasis will be on the human fossil record and its interpretation in functional and behavioral terms. This will be placed in the context of the Paleolithic archaeological record and issues regarding the biological relationships between various human groups. Prerequisite: Anthropology 150 or equivalent.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM BU: SCI

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3255 Urban Anthropology

This course examines the many ways that people around the world make urban life meaningful. We will focus on the intersections among anthropology, urban studies, social theory and human geography to explore the theoretical, social, and methodological approaches to understanding the culture(s) created in cities. Drawing on ethnographic case studies from cities around the world, we will explore issues pertaining to race and ethnicity, gender, youth, poverty, diversity and super-diversity, gentrification, urbanization, and illusions and realities of modernity

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC, SC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3261 Inequality, Hierarchy and Difference: Reading The Dawn of Everything in Context

In October 2021, anthropologist David Graeber and archaeologist David Wengrow published The Dawn of Everything: A New History of Humanity, arguably one of the most consequential pieces of anthropological scholarship of recent years. The book quickly shot to the top of best-seller lists and generated a wide-ranging discussion in newspapers, magazines, and journals that do not typically pay attention to recent publications in the field of anthropology. Graeber and Wengrow were able to attract such a broad audience due to the book's central argument, which uses anthropological, archaeological, and historical evidence to critique current popular views on the so-called progress of western civilization and the Hobbesian and Rousseauian theories of the origin of the social contract, as well as to propose a new genealogy for Enlightenment thinking on the origins of inequality. In this course, we will read The Dawn of Everything as our central text, alongside the sources it draws upon and the responses to the book. Collectively, we will work together to remedy one of the major lacunae in the public discourse around the book, i.e., a lack of an archaeological response. Indeed, the critical reception of the book has largely focused on only the first third of the book. The course therefore will involve a practical component, in which we as a class write an archaeological critique of the book and work to publish it in a suitable magazine, journal, or newspaper. Students can expect to gain from this class not only knowledge, but also key scholarly skills and hands-on experience.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, SC Art: SSC BU: ETH, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3263 Bioprospecting

What do the opium poppy, the white willow tree, the spoiled sweet clover, the Madagascar periwinkle, and the fungus Penicillium have in common? Each of these species contains biochemicals that have been tapped to advance medicine. Biodiversity prospecting (bioprospecting) is often understood as the systematic search for biochemical and genetic information in nature in order to develop commercially valuable products for pharmaceutical, agricultural, cosmetic, and other applications. Contemporary medical innovation depends on bioprospecting to remain cutting edge, but what are the human and ecological costs of this rapidly changing industry? This course explores the social, political, and environmental impacts and ethical implications of the global search for new biological resources. We will study the role of indigenous knowledge, the problem of biopiracy, the politics of intellectual rights, and patenting culture in our quest to understand what is at stake in the regulation, reform, and growth of this problematic indicator of public health, biotechnology, and historical and modern medicine in the global economy.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3264 Anthropological Perspectives on Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) refers to health and healing practices that fall outside the realm of conventional Western medicine. CAM encompasses a wide range of modalities including homeopathy, traditional Chinese medicine, Ayurveda, energy healing, and more. Many of these practices are not clearly compatible with biomedical explanatory models for health and sickness; they are often viewed with skepticism by mainstream medical practitioners. Though the popular media often depicts many CAM practices components of a wellness culture that is associated with the wealthy and privileged, many CAM practitioners do not fit this stereotype and primarily work with the poor, people of color, and other minoritized groups. In this class, we will focus on CAM in the Global North with a primary focus on the United States. We will critically assess characterizations of CAM as pseudoscience and explore the epistemological, ethical, and legal tensions between mainstream and non-mainstream medical practices. We will pay particular attention to how these tensions intersect with race, class, and gender. The aim of this class is not to make a value judgement about the validity of CAM, but rather to understand the perspective of those who use CAM in a context that emphasizes Western biomedicine.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3266 Social Determinants of Health and Migration

The social determinants of health refer to the conditions where people live and work that shape health risks and outcomes. This class will examine how categories, such as refugee or undocumented immigrant, may predispose individuals to live and work in unstable and harmful environments. Our course will examine the following questions: How do restrictive immigration policies and policing shape access to primary care? How does documentation status intersect with other experiences of marginalization and other forms of social identification, such as gender and race, to produce unique health risks and outcomes? In this course, we will explore how people who migrate-due to force or of their own volition, and in a documented or undocumented manner-may encounter obstacles due to differences in language spoken, insurance coverage, and documentation status, when seeking out primary and mental health services, as well as healthcare for chronic illnesses. We will draw on ethnographic research, public health reports, long form journalism, podcasts, and documentaries developed in a variety of geographic settings, including the United States, Germany, Israel, Malawi, and Bangladesh.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC BU: BA, ETH EN: H

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3270 Geoarchaeology

Geoarchaeology involves the application of analytical techniques, concepts, and field methods from the earth sciences to help solve archaeological problems. Issues explored in this course include human and environmental processes involved in archaeological site formation, the sedimentary context of archaeological remains, soils and sediments relevant to archaeology, the relationship between past settlement and landscape evolution, paleoclimatic reconstruction, human impacts on the environment, geological sourcing of artifact proveniences, and remote sensing of the physical environment. Several field trips to local archaeological/geological sites provide an opportunity to understand how geoarchaeology is applied to specific research problems.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3271 Becoming Human: Archaeology of Human Origins

Humanity, before the advent of agriculture and cities, evolved a series of behaviors that enabled them to survive as hunter-gatherers in diverse environments with complex cultural systems. These behaviors included hunting, control of fire, shelters and clothing, elaborate tools of diverse materials, burials, jewelry, and representational art. These characteristics emerged over more than 2 millions years of the Pleistocene across several species of humans, to coalesce into what we would recognize as modern human foragers 30,000 years ago. This course traces that emergence of what it means to be human, through the Paleolithic archeological record in its context of past environments and past human forms.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3272 Becoming Human: A Biocultural Exploration of the Human Experience

Humanity, before the advent of agriculture and industrialization, evolved a wide range of behavioral adaptations and patterns that enabled them to survive as hunter-gatherers in diverse environments with complex cultural systems. Using a broad evolutionary framework, this course will explore these behaviors (e.g., hunting, control of fire, toolmaking, representational art, altruism, gender roles, language, religion) to examine what it means to be human through a biocultural lens. We will take a comparative approach to address these topics by examining our earliest ancestors (both nonhuman primates and early hominins) as well as modern human societies to better understand how we got where we are today.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3275 Introduction to GIS for Anthropologists

Use of GIS is rapidly becoming standard practice in anthropological research. This course will introduce students to the basic theories and techniques of GIS. Topics will include the application of GIS in archaeologial survey and ethnographic research, as well as marketing, transportation, demographics, and urban and regional planning. This course will enable students to become familiar not only with GIS software such as ArcGIS, but also the methodologies and tools used to collect and analyze spatial data. Students will gain expertise engaging with data situated across a number spatial scales, from households, communities and cities to landscapes, nation-states, and global phenomena. Students will need to work on their own laptops, but no software purchases are necessary.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3280 Anthropology of Infectious Diseases

This course explores the evolving relationship between humans and non-human microbiota. Beginning with the modern era, we will study infectious diseases and the critical contexts (e.g., ecological, political, social, cultural) in which they occur. Case studies will include antibiotic-resistant superbugs, H1N1 influenza, SARS coronavirus, HIV/AIDS, and global cholera epidemics. Through the study of global infectious disease outbreaks and threats, we will address larger anthropological questions about knowledge, the power of metaphor, the role of institutions, and the health of populations.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3283 Introduction to Global Health

This course provides a general introduction to the field of public health. It examines the philosophy, history, organization, functions, activities, and results of public health research and practice. Case studies include infectious and chronic diseases, mental health, maternal and reproductive health, food safety and nutrition, environmental health, and global public health. Students are encouraged to look at health issues from a systemic and population level perspective, and to think critically about health systems and problems, especially health disparities and health care delivery to diverse populations. No background in anthropology or public health is required.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3284 Public Health Research and Practice

In-depth exploration of current theory and methods involved in public health research and practical applications. Emphasis on fundamentals of epidemiology, which forms the scientific rationale for public health assessment, assurance, and policy development. Survey of current public health practice and research areas including biological foundations of public health, social and behavioral interventions, maternal-child health, and environmental health. Relationships among public health, medicine, nursing, social work, and related disciplines.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3285 Warriors, Merchants, Monks, and Courtesans: Ancient Narratives of Globalization in Google Earth

This introductory seminar-style course examines the history of globalization through the narrative accounts of those who lived along some of the great trade routes of the Old World. Through a combination of in-class discussion and hands-on tutorials and projects in Google Earth, we will examine how day-to-day local interactions and the experiences of individuals contributed to broader cultural exchanges and the shaping of ancient cosmopolitan centers. We will use a bottom-up approach to understand the process of globalization, and why it is not only a phenomenon of the modern world. This course will cover a large geographic and temporal span, but it is not about memorizing lists of dates and places or putting dots on a map - it is about learning how to interpret multiple strands of knowledge and put them together into a cohesive narrative of history. The course will cover four broad anthropological themes related to Old World history and globalization in conjunction with weekly lessons in Google Earth; there are no prerequisites for either. The knowledge and skills gained in the course will lead to a final independent research project consisting of a short paper and an interactive digital map that can be shared online through the Google Earth community.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3290 Peoples and Cultures in South Asia

An introduction to contemporary societies and cultures of the South Asian sub-continent including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal. Topics include religion and ritual, work, family organization, concepts of person, caste and gender, the cultural impact of colonialism, and political/religious conflict. The course will examine ethnographic and historical writings on these topics for two purposes: to gain basic knowledge about the peoples of the area and to consider the impact of anthropological theory on that knowledge.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: IS

Typical periods offered: Spring, Summer

ANTHRO 3293 Religion and Society

We will take a broad and practice-oriented view of 'religion', including uttering spells, sacrificing to a god, healing through spirit possession, as well as praying and reciting scripture. We will consider religious practices in small-scale societies as well as those characteristic of forms of Judaism, Islam, Christianity, and other broadly-based religions. We give special attention to the ways religions shape politics, law, war, as well as everyday life in modern societies.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3294 Anthropology of Religions in St. Louis

This course is an introduction to religions in America with a focus on urban U.S. and Saint Louis ethnic experiences during the twentieth century and into the present. This course will combine methods of history of religions to understand background and context with anthropology of religion to discern contemporary social dynamics. The everyday life, rituals, and imagination of religious peoples, communities, and movements will be examined with attention to political aesthetics. Students will be introduced to observant participation in order to comprehend religious events and to describe a particular religious community of cross-cultural interest. The course will involve students doing observation/participation in a religious tradition or ethnicity outside of their own.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Summer

ANTHRO 3304 Bones to Behavior: Undergraduate Research in the Lab and At the Zoo

We will undertake zooarchaeological study of equid skeletons in the zooarchaeology laboratory at Washington University, and in collaboration with the St. Louis Zoo, participate in a behavioral study of the courtship and breeding behavior of the ancestor of the domestic donkey, the African wild ass. The research questions that we focus on are how the biology and behavior of the African wild ass influenced the domestication of the donkey by prehistoric African herders or ancient Egyptians and how the behavior of the African wild ass continues to affect prospects for conservation of this highly endangered animal. During the first half of the semester, we will meet once a week for 2.5 hours in the zooarchaeology laboratory on Mondays from 9 - 11:30 a.m. After spring break, or earlier if weather is above 40F, we will no longer meet in the lab, and each student willspend 9-11 a.m. on two mornings of their choice per week at the St. Louis Zoo conducting observations of the wild ass. Students may choose two days that fit their schedule. Saturdays or Sundays are included as a possible choice of days. Permission of instructor is required.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3305 Bones to Behavior II

In this class, students will undertake zooarchaeological research on skeletal material in the zooarchaeology laboratory at Washington University and/or preparation of animal skeletons for comparative study and in collaboration with the St. Louis Zoo participate in behavioral studies of the ancestor of the donkey - the African wild ass. Collections housed in the zooarchaeological laboratory for study include ancient food-remains from African sites. These collections bear on questions regarding cultural and climate change in the Horn of Africa 12,000-2,000 years ago and include animals ranging from African antelopes to domestic camels. During the first half of the semester students will meet once a week for 2.5 hours in the zooarchaeological laboratory. Once the weather is above 40F after Spring Break, we will meet 9-11 twice a week, Mondays and Wednesday/Friday in the laboratory or at the zoo. Location will depend on projects selected for study. Permission of instructor is required. May be repeated for credit.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3309 Anthropological Perspectives on Care

This course aims to provide an introductory survey of topics and approaches to the anthropology of care. It does so by drawing on a range of ethnographic, theoretical, and cross-disciplinary materials. This will allow us to think through and engage with care in its myriad forms, its presence and absence, its bureaucratization and management, its relation to kinship, relatedness, labor, and government. In the first part of the course, we will explore theories of care as moral practice with a feminist lens. In the second part, we will engage this lens with ethnographic materials about care in diverse settings that also shed light on the political, economic, and lived realities of care. These ethnographic and sociological works include explorations of the circulation of care in moral economies and its monetization as paid labor, the politics and antipolitics of healthcare in institutional settings, and the role of care in kinship, household formations, and life course regimes across cultures.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3310 Health, Healing and Ethics: Introduction to Medical Anthropology

A cross-cultural exploration of cultures and social organizations of medical systems, the global exportation of biomedicine, and ethical dilemmas associated with medical technologies and global disparities in health.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring, Summer

ANTHRO 3311 The Anthropology of Compassion

The Anthropology of Compassion will explore the nature and meaning of compassion, the neurophysical circuitry that underlies it, the evolutionary forces which have produced it, and its ongoing importance in human life and culture. The course will draw upon a wide variety of materials and disciplines to explore these questions, including ethology and primatology, neuroscience and social psychology, philosophy, world religions and ethnography.

Credit 3 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3313 Women and Islam

This course is an anthropological study of the position of women in the contemporary Muslim world, with examples drawn primarily from the Middle East but also from Asia, Africa, Europe, and the United States. Students will examine ethnographic, historical, and literary works, including those written by Muslim women. Topics having a major impact on the construction of gender include Islamic belief and ritual, modest dress (veiling), notions of marriage and the family, modernization, nationalism and the nation-state, politics and protest, legal reform, formal education, work, and Westernization. The course includes a visit to a St. Louis mosque, discussions with Muslim women, and films.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, SC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3315 Medical Anthropology

The comparative study of non-Western medical systems, including the definitions of health and disease, the kinds of treatment, and the varieties of practitioners in other cultures (e.g., Navaho, India, China).

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: IS

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3316 Introduction to Forensic Anthropology

Introduction course to Forensic Anthropology

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3320 Disability Anthropology

Disability is everywhere: across cultures, it is present in our enviornments, in our media, and in our personal and familial lives. This discussion-based course recognizes disability not as a biomedical impairment but as an intersectional, constructed category of difference. Disability anthropology, which seeks to understand embodied experiences of disability through ethnography and sociocultural models of disability, is a recently emergent field. Following an introduction to disability activism, theory, and representation, our class will analyze examples of disability anthropology, including autoethnography, ethnographic film, and performance ethnography. As we collectively contribute to an accessible classroom, students will develop a final project that examines a physical space, policy, or other resource at WashU that could be made more accessible. Students will present their projects to the WashU community

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC, SC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3321 Culture, Food, and Nutrition

Cultural aspects of food uses-transformations from field to palate-producing, marketing, preparing, eating; regional, ethnic, national preferences.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3322 Brave New Crops

This course introduces students to the major issues surrounding the development and use in genetically modified (GM) crops. Its focus is international, but with particular focus on the developing world. A variety of experts, available locally or through the internet, will contribute perspectives. The course also includes field trips. For further information, see artsci.wustl.edu/~anthro/courses/3322.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3326 Modern Third World

Most understandings of the Third World are embedded in a discourse that promotes development and/or tries to explain why the Third World is so poor. This seminar aims to circumvent this view. After an introduction to development and development theory, the course explores how landscapes and livelihoods interact with modernization, globalization, and the agrarian transition. Case study examples and topics to be discussed include household livelihoods, income strategies, informal housing, off-farm labor, cultural landscapes, and environmental transformations.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

ANTHRO 3331 Anthropology of Clothing and Fashion

This course takes clothing as a starting point for examining broad themes in anthropology, including gender and sexuality, race and the body, history and colonialism. We look at the ritual significance of clothing and other practices of bodily adornment in traditional societies and the role of style in constituting contemporary social movements and identity categories. We investigate the globalization of the apparel industry, from production and circulation to marketing and branding, in order to understand the relationship between citizenship and consumption, labor and power in the global economy. The course encourages students to reflect on their relationship to the wider society and economy as producers and consumers of material culture through the lens of clothing and fashion.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: CPSC, SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3332 For Love or Money: Economies, Affects, and Practices of Care

This course looks at the intersections of economies, affects, and practices in shaping understandings of - and possibilities for - relationships of care. We will look at anthropological theories of care and cross-cultural ethnographies of caring practice to challenge notions of care as a self-evident good. An attention to care raises questions about who has access to care, who should provide care, and who is worthy of care, as well as the institutional structures that shape possibilities for relationships of care between people, as well as non-human others

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3351 The Ancient Maya: Archaeology and History

This course focuses on the ancient Maya civilization because there are many exciting new breakthroughs in the study of the Maya. The Olmec civilization and the civilization of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico will be considered as they related to the rise and development of the Maya civilization. The ancient Maya were the only Pre-Columbian civilization to leave us a written record that we can use to understand their politics, religion, and history. This course is about Maya ancient history and Maya glyphic texts, combined with the images of Maya life from their many forms of art. The combination of glyphic texts, art, and archaeology now can provide a uniquely detailed reconstruction of ancient history in a New World civilization.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3354 Ancient Mesoamerica

Mesoamerica encompasses the Pre-Columbian complex societies of Mexico and upper Central America, including Guatemala, Belize, and parts of Honduras and El Salvador. It was an agrarian world of great and enduring cities, far-flung trade networks, transcendent religions, kingdoms and empires. This survey lecture course begins with the pioneering hunters and gatherers, reviews the establishment of farming communities and the first Olmec Formative states, the flowering of highland Mexican Classic Period Teotihuacan and other great cities like Tajin in Veracruz, the dynasties of the lowland Maya and summarizes with the Aztec Empire and the period of the Spanish Conquest. The course touches on the many and diverse other cultures that contributed to this vibrant world.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3355 Politics, Religion, and Art in Antiquity: Representations in Paris

This course gives students an opportunity to really know encyclopedic museums, to know what motivated patrons commissioning art and artists creating it, the relationship of art to religion, cosmology, and craftwork, and why governments sponsor such public symbols of the state. The Louvre and the other major encyclopedic museums of Paris are themselves works of art, and they reflect the ways that states use architecture to express their ideals of legitimate power through the command of knowledge and aesthetics. The course further introduces students to the ethical issues surrounding the display of objects as aesthetic commodities, with only brief reference to their history, provenience and provenance in small print labels and notes.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: HUM, LCD BU: HUM, IS EN: H

Typical periods offered: Summer

ANTHRO 3361 The American Melting Pot: Migration in the United States

How is migration controlled, monitored, regulated, perceived, and experienced in the American melting pot? How does the United States' history of immigration play into the politics surrounding migration today? What is the influence of migration policies on the everyday lives of migrants residing within the U.S.? What particular opportunities and challenges are presented by being a migrant in the U.S.? Who is migrating to the U.S., and why? This course will provide a comprehensive overview of migration in the U.S., providing students with valuable knowledge not only about the laws and policies that govern migration but also about the lived experiences of migrants. Specifically, we will discuss the history of migration in the U.S., immigration law, the migration policies of recent administrations, the U.S.-Mexico border, border surveillance, health, mental health, public perception of migrants, refugees, asylum seekers, undocumented migrants, sanctuary cities, politics and migration, and Latin American migrants. We will welcome guest speakers working in the field of migration throughout the semester, and students will have the opportunity to ask them about their work as well as their opinions on migration policy in the U.S. Class materials will include articles and book chapters from the fields of anthropology, political science, history, public health, sociology, and psychology as well as short videos, documentary films, and newspaper articles. Additionally, we will incorporate discussions on current events surrounding migration in the U.S. by following weekly news coverage on this topic. This course will be useful for students hoping to work with migrants in a variety of settings as well as for those hoping to pursue policy, research, or political careers related to this topic.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3373 Law and Culture

We live in an age when social policy is increasingly displaced into the realm of law, when justice and equality are matters of courtroom debate rather than public discussion. Legal language has become a key resource in all kinds of struggles over livelihood and ways of life. In this course, we study the cultural dimensions of law and law's changing relationship to state power, the global economy, social movements, and everyday life. We approach law as a system of rules, obligations, and procedures, but also a cultural practice, moral regime, and disciplinary technique. How are relationships between legal, political, and economic realms structured and with what consequences? How does law provide tools for both social struggle and social control? What does anthropology contribute to research on these issues? In exploring these questions, we combine readings from classical legal anthropology with recent ethnographic work from around the globe.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3383 Cognition and Culture

This course examines the influence of evolved cognitive dispositions (the way natural selection engineered the human mind) on the transmission of cultural knowledge. Dispositions present from early childhood make certain kinds of cultural knowledge particularly easy to acquire, and therefore, culturally stable. We also consider the evidence for differences in cognitive processes triggered by different social environments. Emphasis is on empirical studies and experimental methods in the study of cultural similarity and differences. Prerequisite: Psych 100B, Anthro 160B or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3384 Language in Society

The study of language in its sociocultural context. Issues: gender and class differences in speech, power and language ideology, language choice and contact, poetics and myth, the ethnography of speech forms.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3385 Internet, Politics and Society

This course examines how the internet is transforming the way people around the world participate in politics. We will look at specific controversies in online politics such as the Wikileaks scandal, Iran's Twitter revolution, social media in the Arab uprisings, and the Great Firewall of China, as well as investigate broader questions of how people obtain knowledge, communicate, and mobilize in the digital age. Students will think critically about the internet as a communicative medium and analyze how it is employed in different cultural contexts. Topics to be covered include: national and transnational political movements; state secrets and political transparency; dictatorship and revolution; media and censorship; activism and mobilization; memory and knowledge; and digital personhood. Students will write brief responses to weekly readings and complete an original research project on digital politics.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3386 Language, Culture and Society

Although this is an introductory course, students who have taken Linguistics 170D, namely, Introduction to Linguistics, will benefit from knowledge of phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics. The primary content of this course explores the relationship between linguistic practice and other social and cultural processes. Anthropological linguistics, including alternative approaches to fieldwork and data collection are introduced, along with various studies of language usage in social and cultural contexts that consider language and thought, language and identity, language and gender, as well as multilingualism and other forms of language contact. The ethnography of speaking and communication are central to this course, as is conversation analyses, which will introduce a combination of qualitative and quantitative linguistic research methods.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3391 Economies as Cultural Systems

Many contemporary approaches to economics downplay or bracket the importance of culture in the workings of economic systems. In this class we will focus on approaches to distribution and exchange in which culture and social institutions figure prominently, if not pre-eminently. We will sample a diverse array of economies, from gift exchange to the ceremonial destruction of wealth, from Melanesia to Wall Street, in order to evaluate some of the assumptions that undergird market capitalism. These assumptions include the perception of market actors exclusively as calculative, maximizing individuals. Topics to be covered include the Industrial Revolution; utilitarianism; economic anthropology; the formal vs. substantivist debates; ethnography of finance, and Marxist sociology.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3392 Culture Goes Online: Introduction to Digital Anthropology

How do online phenomena like QAnon and cancel culture become salient cultural forces in real life? Can new apps, intelligent algorithms, and cryptocurrencies solve longstanding social and economic problems? What happens to the data produced by smart homes and appliances? Did memes decide the 2016 presidential election? Has the pace of technological development outstripped our collective ability to make sense of digital technologies and the social worlds they bring into being? Over the past three decades, digital technologies have become powerfully present in social and political life. They offer dazzling possibilities: connecting people and communities across distance and time, expanding our abilities to perceive the world and record our experiences, and producing and processing astonishingly huge quantities of data. They also raise important questions about privacy, ethics, and governance. Proponents of digital technologies celebrate them as great equalizers that create more opportunities for democratic engagement, while critics express concern that they open the door for new forms of inequality and exploitation. This course will examine these and other problems through an anthropological lens, asking how we can think analytically about culture and politics in the digital age. We'll engage with scholarship, journalism, and artistic productions, from the first digital ethnographies to recent, interdisciplinary and methodologically innovative multimedia works. Topics will include social media, the political uses (and abuses) of digital technology, big data and digital surveillance, digital technology and sustainability, and internet infrastructure, access, and inequality.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Arch: HUM Art: HUM EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3395 Archaeological Excavation

Training in field techniques during actual excavation of a prehistoric site and introduction to laboratory analysis of the materials recovered. Prerequisites: Anth 190BP, 310CQ, 312C, and 314BQ, or permission of instructor. May be repeated for credit.

Credit 9 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring, Summer

ANTHRO 3422 American Indian Art and Iconography

An introduction to the arts among a broad range of native peoples who inhabited North, Middle, and South America. Course begins with basic concepts of art and anthropology. Emphasis is on the iconography found in various art styles, particularly the prehistoric rock carvings and paintings left by Native Americans throughout the New World. Oral traditions and myths found in the ethnographic record provide fascinating associations and interpretations.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring, Summer

ANTHRO 3423 Health and Wellness in the Community: A Service Learning Seminar

This 4-credit course is designed to be an interactive course whereby students will volunteer with a local/community-based health or health affiliated organization under the supervision of an anthropology faculty member and explore the anthropological theories and methods of analyzing applied service and research. Students will be expected be in class with the instructor twice a week for 1.5 hours each time AND volunteer a minimum of 4-5 hours each week at an approved social service organization, which must be confirmed during first 2 weeks of the semester. In class readings and assignments will be topical and relevant to current events, local issues, and the relationships among community and health. Students must have taken L48 141 AND L48 142.

Credit 4 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3433 Conflict and Post-Conflict Societies in Africa

During the political elections in Kenya in 2007, massive civil unrest and violence erupted. It lasted for several months and was largely framed in terms of ethnic groups and borders. Indeed, many conflicts around the continent of Africa are regularly spoken of in terms of ethnicity, and sometimes religion. While these issues are obviously part of contemporary conflicts, these situations are clearly more complex. It is the goal of this course to look at and unpack contemporary and recent conflicts around the continent to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the processes leading to large-scale conflict, to crisis management in these circumstances, and to the small and large-scale processes of peace-building and community rebuilding efforts. In this course, we will look at case studies around the continent (including Angola, Rwanda, Liberia, Mozambique, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Eritrea, South Africa, and Sudan among others) using anthropological and social scientific tools of analysis.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3461 Native Americans At Westward Expansion

Issues precipitated by Euro-American contact, colonization, and expansion between 1492 and 1810 across Eastern North America, the Plains, and the Rocky Mountains. Impacts of exploration and settlement and responses by native peoples: epidemics; population loss; breakdown of Southeastern chiefdoms; resistance; relocation; and shifts in economic strategies. Perspectives and policies of Native Americans as well as Europeans and non-Indian Americans, including Lewis and Clark.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: HUM, LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: HUM

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3462 Contested Histories and Landscapes: Western and Indigenous Perceptions of Time and Place

How we conceive of time and place influences the stories we tell about the past, how we form identities in the present, and how we plan for the future in the face of environmental threats like global climate change. The archaeological study of North American Indigenous history has been dominated by Western philosophical thought that takes for granted a particular view of the world, and of being, espoused by the likes of Socrates, Hobbes, Descartes, and Rousseau. Indigenous scholars have critiqued these biases and asked that we recognize ways of perceiving the world that are often fundamentally different than the Euro-American frame of reference.Using archaeological case studies in addition to reading Native American philosophers and intellectuals, we will explore how different ways of understanding the world, and your place in it, influence how we explain the past. We will also consider how these differences play out today regarding issues such as environmental justice, land treaties, tribal sovereignty, and climate change.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC, SC Art: SSC BU: BA, ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3472 Global Energy and the American Dream

This lecture course explores the historical, cultural, and political relationship between America and global energy, focusing on oil, coal, natural gas, biofuels, and alternatives. Through case studies at home and abroad, we examine how cultural, environmental, economic, and geopolitical processes are entangled with changing patterns of energy-related resource extraction, production, distribution, and use. America's changing position as global consumer and dreamer is linked to increasingly violent contests over energy abroad while our fuel-dependent dreams of boundless (oil) power give way to uncertainties and new possibilities of nation, nature, and the future. Assuming that technology and markets alone will not save us, what might a culturally, politically, and socially-minded inquiry contribute to understanding the past and future of global energy and the American dream?

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: CPSC, SSC BU: ETH, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3476 Archaeologies of Graffiti From Antiquity to the Present

The modern story of graffiti-revolving around social, economic, and political contexts such as bathroom stalls, subways and alleys steeped with urine and trash, decrepit buildings and train cars situated in less reputable areas of cities and towns-lead people to associate it with antisocial behaviors, dissent, and the vandalism of public and private property. However, some people consider graffiti as a legitimate form of art, communication, and a somewhat anonymous expression of current social climates. The disparity between these two perspectives has provided a great deal to study for social scientists. However, a consideration of graffiti's simple definition-words or drawings etched or painted on some surface in a public place-lead us to recognize that feats of graffiti originate way before the inner-city movements of the 1970s. In this class we will draw upon a range of studies from archaeology, anthropology, sociology, art, and history to broadly explore the creation and meaning of graffiti from antiquity to the present. Our goal is to learn how to examine the form, function, and context of graffiti across cultures and through time, with regard to the circumstances of its creation. In doing so, we aspire to better understand what lies behind the human urge to leave a mark. PREREQUISTE: Introduction to Archaeology.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3481 Writing (Material) Culture

How do we use things to tell stories? How do the things we use shape who we are? The field of material culture studies approaches these questions by examining the role of objects in social life: their importance as material representations of culture and also as agents in its production and reproduction. In this course, we will explore ways to write about material culture, asking how those of us interested in culture (whether as anthropologists, educators, designers, journalists, curators or poets) can most effectively represent and analyze the social role of things through writing. Throughout the semester, students will read different genres of thing-based storytelling: social theory, fiction, archaeological site reports, ethnographies, museum catalogs, and long-form journalism. We will discuss how the authors of these works use things to describe and analyze the relationship between materials and ideas, reality and metaphor, positivism and multivocality, spatiality and temporality, and the politics of curation, commodity chains, ownership, and heritage. Each student will write short pieces in different genres and review the work of peers, and this will culminate in a final portfolio demonstrating the student's ability to practice and assess effective writing about material culture.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3521 Anthropology of Human Rights

This course draws on anthropological scholarship to examine doctrines, practices, and institutions associated with international human rights law. Topics to be covered include: (1) colonialism and the history of international human rights low; (2) the complex theoretical issues raised by attempts to define and apply human rights concepts in different cultural contexts; (3) the role of governments, NGOs, and other international institutions in promoting human rights and humanitarianism; (4) key human rights issues such as freedom of religion, cultural rights, women's rights, and economic rights in different cultural contexts.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3533 Love, Courtship, and Marriage in Africa: The Anthropologies of Intimacy and Conjugality

This course is an exploration of past and present anthropological inquiry into love, courtship and marriage across the African continent. The course will explore key questions revolving around making connections between love and political economies, kinship, gender, health, labor migration, colonialism and the law, among other key topics.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, SC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3544 Anthropology of Change: Practicing Applied and Public Anthropology

In this course, students will learn how to use anthropology and ethnographic methods as tools for provoking change. The legitimacy of this fifth-field of anthropology has been in contention amongst anthropologists throughout generations. But in the contemporary era of neoliberalism and big-data, social scientists are increasingly examining their ethical duty to their informants-specifically, concerns about maintaining neutrality versus leveraging ethnographic data to improve lives or to make a profit. We will begin with the history of this ethical debate and move into contemporary issues in anthropology for social change and in business anthropology. Topics will include multidisciplinary teamwork, practitioner capacity building, community action programming, policy development and ethical design. This course is designed for upper-level anthropology students but will be particularly useful for those considering combining anthropology as a double-major or minor in a range of applied fields (business, engineering, social work, law, health and medicine). It will prepare students for the practical use of anthropology in consulting firms, research institutes, corporations, NGOs, and federal, state, and local government agencies.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: CPSC, SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3556 What Makes a Meal: Anthropological Explorations of Food Production, Consumption, and Performance

In this course, we explore what we eat, how we eat it, and why we eat it through an anthroplogical lense. Food is important in many ways. It is a key component is our daily lives and habits. Exploring foodways through an anthropological lens allows us to understand the construction of boundaries and expressions. Food is not just nutrition, it is also taste, memory, politics, ritual, communication, and power. Food has the ability to change the very nature of our genetics. Food is comfort and home while simultaneously is novel and uncomfortable. It heals and it destroys. Through the semester, we will learn how anthropologists study food and foodways, highlighting the socio-cultural, linguistic, biological, and archaeological frameworks. We will learn how different communities interact with food and how foodways can shape and be shaped by the societies we live in, especially the power of food in shaping our modern world systems.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC, SC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3581 Principles of Human Anatomy and Development

This is a course in human anatomy and development for students interested in biological anthropology, biology, and/or medicine. The lecture material will include evolutionary, functional, and clinical approaches to understanding anatomy. Lecture topics emphasize organizational and developmental principles of the organ systems of the human body. Exams will test visual identification of structures and clinical application of concepts discussed in class. Lectures will make extensive use of visual materials, including photographs of anatomical dissections, x-rays, CTs, and MRIs. All lecture materials will be made available to you online.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM

Typical periods offered: Summer

ANTHRO 3582 Anthropology of the Human Face

A survey of the human face, including both an evolutionary perspective on why our faces changed to look the way they do today and a theoretical perspective on how we create and maintain self-image through body modification. Comparative and cross-cultural approaches are used to understand modern human craniofacial and cultural diversity. The course includes discussions of how perceptions of biological variation inform social interactions and of how sociocultural norms pattern body modification, both presently and historically. Most importantly, students will learn how information obtained with archaeological, sociocultural, and biological methods is integrated to address anthropological questions.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3602 Environmental Inequality: Toxicity, Health, and Justice

How are the problems of environmental stress, pollution, and degradation unevenly borne? Adopting cross-cultural, biosocial, intersectional, and posthumanist approaches, this course explores how exposures to environmental toxicities and dangers result in and exacerbate health harms, social disparities, and structural violences. A range of historical and contemporary case studies will include plagues, weather, fire, water, waste, minerals, air, etc. Students will not only gain an understanding of these problems and burdens, but also explore the transformative potential in intertwining environmental justice, critical global health, and social justice movements to seek solutions to these vital issues.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, ETH, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3607 From Hazard to Catastrophe: Case Studies in Environmental Disasters

From earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, tornadoes, hurricanes, flooding, drought, to climate change all areas in the United States are at risk from at least one hazardous earth process. In the class we will study the social aspects of environmental management, policy, and disaster response that cause environmental hazards to become catastrophes. Each week we will cover a different natural hazard and use case studies from archaeological and historical sources to evaluate which aspects of management and response discourage or encourage the hazard to become a catastrophe.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3608 Caribbean Island Vulnerabilities: Puerto Rico

Tropical and subtropical islands have long been imagined as a tourist's paradise, replete with the pleasures of sun, surf, sand, and sex. At the same time, long histories of colonization, exploitation, resource extraction, and slavery have produced a very different reality for many residents of islands located in and around the Caribbean Sea. More recently, communities in the Caribbean region have been subject to extreme weather events that bring the current politics of climate change into conversation with centuries-old problems related to economic isolation, infrastructure, human poverty, and ecological vulnerability. This course explores the nature of island disasters, both sudden and slow, by examining ethnographically the global histories that today inform Caribbeanness and the politics of everyday island life. We will further analyze the impact of media coverage on North American understandings of the Caribbean through a close examination of Puerto Rico.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, IS

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3610 Culture and Environment

An introduction to the ecology of human culture, especially how traditional cultural ecosystems are organized and how they change with population density. Topics include foragers, extensive and intensive farming, industrial agriculture, the ecology of conflict, and problems in sustainability.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Summer

ANTHRO 3612 Population and Society

This review of population processes and their social ramifications begins with an introduction to the basic terminology, concepts, and methods of population studies, followed by a survey of human population trends through history. The course then investigates biological and social dimensions of marriage and childbearing, critically examines family planning policies, deals with the social impacts of epidemics and population ageing, and looks at connections between population movements and sociocultural changes. The overall objective of the course is to understand how population processes are not just biological in nature, but are closely related to social, cultural, political, and economic factors.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, SC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3613 Follow the Thing: Global Commodities & Environment

Who picked your strawberries? Is your produce still local if the hands that harvested it traveled thousands of miles to do the job? This course re-examines the root causes of the global and local environmental problems we read about every day, with an emphasis on historical and contemporary drivers of human migration. Topics include the production and consumption of natural resources, the politics of migration and agriculture, and the cross-border commodification of human labor and the environment. Anthropology is historically associated with the study of remote societies and exotic places often imagined as having little everyday connection with the rest of the world. This course will challenge students to reconsider the meanings of global and local by introducing new social scientific approaches to studying the key problems that have connected (and disconnected) diverse human populations throughout the late 20th and early 21st centuries: growing disparities in material wealth, natural resource depletion, energy overconsumption, inequitable access to care, and beyond.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3615 Environmental Anthropology

This course will provide students with a working knowledge of how the study of humans across space and time has fundamentally impacted the way we understand the idea of nature, the environment and what it means to be human. The course will ground students in both historical and cutting-edge anthropological theories with units on subsistence, transformative nature, imagining wilds in the Anthropocene and pluralizing environmentalisms.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: CPSC, SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3616 Ecofeminism: Environmental Social Movements and Anthropology

This course provides a survey of environmental social movements around the world and over time, in the process challenging commonly held perceptions about environmentalism and environmental movements. Specifically, it demonstrates that environmental social movements are often as much or more about people, identity and human rights than they are about protecting the environment. In addition to juxtaposing dominant traditions of American environmentalism with environmental movements in other parts of the world, the course focuses in on new and emerging social movements that are often transnational in scope but local in scale. These new movements offer holistic reinterpretations of human-environment relationships, identities and political and economic organization in their attempts to transcend socio-environmental inequalities. Throughout, the course draws on social scientists' (especially anthropologists') descriptive interpretations and critical theoretical analyses of various environmental social movements and the differences that constitute them.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC, SC Art: CPSC, SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3617 Past and Present Cultural Environments

Human societies are situated within and interact with their ecological and environmental systems. Even social relationships within and between groups imply spatial relationships and geographic orientation, advantages, influence, and limitations. Beyond subsistence, environment and the natural world play an integral role in how humans pattern the landscape, structure society, develop their world view, and, in turn, alter and adapt the world in which they live. This course introduces students to anthropological conceptions of human-environmental relationships, past and present. Topics include environmental and landscape archaeology; historical, political, and human behavioral ecology; world view and conceptualizations of nature; human adaptation, resilience theory, and niche construction; anthropological case studies; the intersections of humans, animals, and the environment; and end with environmental politics.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3618 Urban Ecological Anthropology

Anthropology's long history of studying human-environment interactions makes it well-suited to examine the complexities of urban environmental issues. Through ethnographies and other readings, this class introduces students to the ways social structures, power and knowledge contour people's experiences and understandings of nature in an urban environment. Of particular interest are environmental justice issues involving pollution and disasters; the creation of community gardens and other public space; cars and bicycles; and conservation or commercial uses of natural resources nestled in or on the edge of cities. Class discussion includes environmental issues in the St. Louis metropolitan area. No background in anthropology or environmental studies is required.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: CPSC, SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3619 Dimensions of Waste

Waste is not apolitical. Its conception, creation and management are deeply cultural practices. Students will learn how local stories integrate to larger, cutting-edge research on waste, gleaned from direct, in-person contact with leading waste scholars. Students will have direct contact with renowned experts visiting for the 2017-2018 Mellon Foundation Sawyer Seminar on Wastelands. Course content will draw from core texts in environmental anthropology and ecocritical theory. We will learn to analyze contemporary perspectives on waste by reading scholarly and activist texts (publications, author visits, blog posts, etc.) as not only disseminators of facts, but also as cultural artifacts of specific epistemologies of waste. Students' final project will be to produce a Mini-Documentary or Podcast using their own original fieldwork interviews to demonstrate the flows of waste in the local St. Louis community.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: CPSC, SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3620 Anthropological Perspectives on the Fetus

Where do we come from? How do we get here? When does life begin? Is the fetus a person, or something else? How could we decide? This course will integrate biological, medical, philosophical, and cross-cultural perspectives to examine how various societies (including our own) understand the nature of the human fetus. The course will examine basic human embryology, beliefs about conception and fetal development, ideas about the moral status of the fetus, controversies surrounding pre-natal care and ante-natal diagnostic testing (including sex-selection and genetic screening tests), current controversies about fetal medicine and surgery, and the problem of abortion in cross-cultural perspective.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3621 Anthropology of Human Birth

This course will examine the interaction between human biology and culture in relation to childbirth. Emphasis will be placed on understanding the cultural challenges posed by the physiology of human reproduction, the ways various cultures have attempted to meet those challenges, and the resultant consequences that this has had for women's lives. The course will draw on material from human anatomy and embryology, paleoanthropology, clinical obstetrics, public health, social anthropology, the history of medicine, and contemporary bioethics.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3624 With Woman: Birth Assistants in Cross-Cultural Context

This course examines the historical, cultural, and evolutionary development vis-a-vis the role specialization of assistants at birth. Beginning with the discourse in physical anthropological research and theory justifying helpers as necessary in human birth due to the obstetrical dilemma, we explore the development of the various tasks such helpers have taken on. Cross-cultural case histories covering the range and scope of practice of traditional birth attendants, midwives, nurses, physicians, and kin are used to illustrate the wide variety of birth practices and ritual related to assistants at birth. Modes of professionalization are examined, including a discussion of the gendered nature of the position. Finally, sociocultural, political, and economic structural constraints legitimizing some assistants and stigmatizing others are scrutinized in order to promote a critical analysis and understanding of the essential and dynamic roles these health care practitioners play in human reproduction. Prerequisite: Freshman seminar in Medicine and Society (Anthro 141)

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3625 The Female Life-Cycle in Cross-Cultural Perspective

This course will examine the biology of the female reproductive cycle -- menarche, menstruation, and the menopause -- and its cultural interpretation around the world. Topics covered will include the embryology of human sexual differentiation, the biology of the menstrual cycle and how it influences or is influenced by various disease states, contraception, infertility, cultural taboos and beliefs about menstruation and menopause, etc. The course will utilize materials drawn from human biology, clinical gynecology, ethnography, social anthropology, and the history of medicine and will examine the interplay between female reproductive biology and culture around the world.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, NSM Art: NSM BU: SCI

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3626 Adventures in Nosology: The Nature and Meaning of Disease

What is a disease and how do you diagnose one? What are medicines and how, when, and for what purpose should they be used? These questions reflect universal human concerns, but the answers given to these questions have varied enormously in different times and places. The course will consider the nature of health, illness, disease and its treatment, beginning with a detailed examination of the traditional ethnomedical system of the Hausa people of northern Nigeria. Using this West African medical system as a baseline for comparison, the course will then explore the nature of nosology (the classification of diseases) and the underlying logic of different therapeutic systems in different times and cultures, including our own. The course will draw on ethnography, the history of medicine, bioethics, and human biology to understand how these questions are asked and answered in different societies, times and places.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: SCI EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3628 The Anthropology of Health Disparities

This course approaches the subjects of race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality and class-related health disparity epidemiologically and anthropologically. Students in this course will explore these cultural categories both as factors that contribute to systematic differences in health status and outcomes and as dynamic frameworks through which those systematic differences can be examined and understood. The grounding assumptions of this course are 1) that race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality and class are cultural constructs employed by humans in an effort to account for observed physical, dispositional and behavioral group-level diversity; 2) that disparity, and particularly health disparity, is meaningfully associated with diversity but is not caused by it; and 3) that because humans are the product of two dynamic, complex systems (biology and culture), health disparities are most usefully engaged as conditions of process and interconnectedness.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3656 Behavioral Ecology of the Great Apes

The goal of this course is to introduce students to the behavioral ecology and observational study of non-human great apes. Lectures and readings will provide an overview of the evolution, distribution, feeding ecology, social systems, behavior, conservation, and well-being of great apes. The comparative nature of course material will gradually increase throughout the semester and students will be asked to synthesize this material on exams. Additionally, students will complete a course-based independent research project on a topic of their choosing at the Saint Louis Zoo, via live video webcams, or by using great ape video archives. Students' grades will be based on participation during in-class activities, midterm syntheses of comparative great ape behavioral ecology, and the production of an original research poster.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3660 Primate Ecology, Biology, and Behavior

This course will provide a comprehensive overview of the order Primates by investigating behavioral adaptations, life history characteristics, physiology, ecology, geographic distribution, social structure, taxonomy, and evolution. The course will cover all of the primate groups: apes, monkeys, tarsiers, and strepsirhines (e.g., lemurs). The importance of primate ecology, biology, and behavior to the discipline of anthropology -- particularly how social and environmental factors may have shaped human evolution -- will be discussed. This course will take an evolutionary approach and include the discussion of natural selection and other forces of evolution. Intended for students who have already taken Anthro 150A and recommended for students who wish to take the more advanced 400-level courses on primates. Prerequisite: Anthro 150A or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM BU: SCI

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3661 Primate Biology

This course takes a multi-faceted introductory approach to the primates, the closest relatives of human beings, by investigating anatomy, growth and development, reproduction, behavioral adaptations, ecology, geographic distribution, taxonomy and evolution. Emphasis will be placed not only on the apes and monkeys, but also on the lesser-known lemurs, lorises, bushbabies, tarsiers, and many others. The importance of primate biology to the discipline of anthropology will be discussed. Intended for students who have already taken Anthro 150A, and recommended for students who wish to take the more advanced 400-level courses on primates. Prerequisite: Anthro 150A or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM BU: SCI

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3662 Writing for Primate Conservation Biology

This class will focus on the ecological diversity of primates and how these and other traits are related to their present day abundance and distribution. In addition, the biological, abiotic and anthropogenic factors related to extinction risk will be examined. It will also review the endangered species of primates, case histories of conservation programs, and management practices in Asia, Africa, South America, and Madagascar. Prerequisites: Anthro 150 or Bio 2970, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM, WI Art: NSM BU: SCI

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3665 Observing Animal Behavior At the St. Louis Zoo

This course is an introduction to methods for the collection of behavioral data in studies of animal behavior. Students will be trained in the design of research projects and the analysis and interpretation of behavioral data. Students will learn how different methods are used to answer specific questions in animal behavior research. Research will be conducted at the St. Louis Zoo.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Summer

ANTHRO 3666 Comparative Primate Socioecology

This course focuses on the interface between the behavior and ecology of non-human primates and its applications to primate conservation. We will examine how the basic principles of animal ecology can help us understand primate behavior. We will look at a wide range of primates from a comparative perspective as we explore primate habitats, diets, life histories and communities, social relationships, and much more. Because most primate species are threatened, endangered, or even facing extinction, we will also focus on how various aspects of ecology are used in the conservation of primates. We will draw heavily on field studies and particular research projects of primates and emphasize their behavior in natural environmental and social settings. The objectives of the course are: 1) to gain an understanding of principles of animal behavior by using primates as a model, 2) to understand variation in behavior and how ecology influences this variation in living primates, 3) to use the comparative approach to better understand why primate societies differ, 4) To understand how we address and answer questions about primate behavior through field research

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3668 Primate Social Behavior

Anthropologists have various tools to aid them in investigating the evolution of human behavior and human social systems, one of the most primary and basic of which is the study of nonhuman primates. The goal of this course is to provide an overview of nonhuman primate behavior and social systems, including aspects of primate biology, evolutionary theory, and socioecological theory. May not be counted toward the requirements for the major or minor in Psychology.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3691 Kill Assessment: An Investigation Into Death, Genocide, and Other Forms of Violence

Is violence best understood as a set of random acts marginal to society, or do societies need violence to make culture systematic and hierarchy functional? This course is not about the psychology of individual pathology; rather, we will think about violence as a potential category of culture. We will address two major issues throughout this course. First, we will discuss different types of violence: physical/material violence and symbolic violence. Second, we will become familiar with ways that social groups turn violence into an aesthetic object and an artistic project. To accomplish our task, we will take both an ethnographic and theoretical approach so that we may better ground our understanding of violence in various people's everyday experiences while at the same time developing a broader, more complete idea of what violence entails. Specific readings include the following topics: U.S. and Brazilian hip-hop; Puerto Rican reggaeton; video games; contemporary Latin American plastic arts; U.S. hate crimes; rape and other form of domestic violence; violence workers in Latin America; genocides in Rwanda, Guatemala, and Armenia; drug lords in Rio de Janeiro, Los Angeles, and Mogadishu, Somalia; and the legality of lethal injections for capital punishment in the United States.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3692 Blood Feuds and Battlefields: The Archaeology of Warfare and Conflict

In this course we will explore the origins, causes and consequences of warfare in human societies. Our overall aim will be to gain a broad understanding of the range of variation in which warfare and human societies have influenced one another. The bulk of human history falls outside the scope of written records making archaeology a critical means of understanding our past. Through an examination of diverse case studies students will gain an understanding of the various forms of violence and warfare carried out among and between human populations-from small-scale blood feuds among foraging and early agricultural societies to the large-scale warfare and territorial expansion undertaken by states and empires. Particular attention will be paid to the role of warfare in social and cultural change. We will also explore common themes in the archaeology of warfare including sacrifice and ritual violence, gender, and the depiction and commemoration of warfare in art, iconography and monumental architecture. Finally, we will consider how perceptions of past conflicts affect us in the present-day by examining the role that they continue to play in the present. Throughout the course we will remain respectful and mindful of our ethical responsibilities to descendant communities and the contemporary context for studying violence in the human past.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3693 Anthropology of Death, Mourning, and Burial

This course offers anthropological analysis of death, mourning and burial. It draws on data and theoretical explanations from different sub-disciplines of anthropology (archaeology, cultural anthropology, and physical anthropology). In addition to theoretical conceptualization of mortuary practices, specific case studies will be used to address a wide range of topics. The course covers cross-cultural comparison of burial among hunter-gatherers, pastoralists and complex societies. Mortuary practices will also be conceptualized based on religion and secularity, social organization and biological approaches (eg. paleodiet, paleodemography, disease). Ethical and legal issues of using human remains worldwide will also be addressed. This course will help train and stimulate academic enquiry into ancient and modern societal treatment of death around the globe. The time covered in this course ranges from the Lower Palaeolithic to the contemporary world.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3697 Culture and Aging

This course provides an anthropological perspective on cultural and societal responses to the worldwide increase in numbers and proportions of longer-living adults. It also examines the experience and meaning of growing older within various cultural contexts. We will consider the impact of culture on a number of aging-related areas including: the demography of global aging; conceptualizations of the life course; processes of human development as reflected in life histories of persons from diverse cultures; definitions of successful aging; biological anthropology and aging; family and intergenerational relationships; health beliefs and perceptions of health and frailty; health care systems; perceptions and treatment of late life cognitive decline; gender differences; gerotechnology; globalization and aging; and end-of-life issues. Prerequisite: Two cultural anthropology courses; one anthropology course and one aging-related course; or instructor's written permission.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3701 The Works and Ideas of Great Anthropologists

A survey of major theories and paradigms in anthropology; emphasis is on approaches taken by sociocultural anthropologists in analyzing and explaining features of societies and cultures, including evolutionary theories, comparative methods, interpretive approaches and ecological accounts. Required of all majors. Students considering a junior year abroad should enroll sophomore year.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3740 Social Landscapes in Global View

From the beginning of the human campaign, societies have socialized the spaces and places where they live. This socialization comes in many forms, including the generation of sacred natural places (e.g., Mt. Fuji) to the construction of planned urban settings where culture is writ large in overt and subtle contexts. Over the past two decades or so, anthropologists, archaeologists, and geographers have developed a wide body of research concerning these socially constructed and perceived settings -- commonly known as landscapes. This course takes a tour through time and across the globe to trace the formation of diverse social landscapes, starting in prehistoric times and ending in modern times. We will cover various urban landscapes, rural landscapes, nomadic landscapes (and others) and the intersection of the natural environment, the built environments, and the symbolism that weaves them together. Chronologically, we will range from 3000 BCE to 2009 CE and we will cover all the continents. This course will also trace the intellectual history of the study of landscape as a social phenomenon, and will investigate the current methods used to recover and describe social landscapes around the world and through time. Join in situating your own social map alongside the most famous and the most obscure landscapes of the world and trace the global currents of your social landscape!

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S UColl: CD

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3774 Archaeology and History of Central Asia

This summer program entails 4 weeks of field-based archaeological research in the Dzhungar Mountains of Kazakhstan, including field trips to regional archaeological sites and excursions to explore the regional biology and geography. The course content is structured through practicum training as part of archaeological excavations at a 5000 year old pastoralist campsite located in a high mountain landscape. In addition to learning about the history and culture of the region, students will be trained in a variety of archaeological methods by rotating through various on-site scientific stations, including archaeological photography, paleoethnobotany, faunal analysis, rock-art analysis, mapping and landscape survey, GIS, and much more! The course program also includes a series of pre-departure sessions to provide cultural, linguistic, historical, and logistical preparation.

Credit 6 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Summer

ANTHRO 3775 Ancient Eurasia and the New Silk Roads

This course will explore the rise of civilization in the broad region of Eurasia, spanning from the eastern edges of Europe to the western edges of China. The focus of the course is the unique trajectory of civilization that is made evident in the region of Central Eurasia from roughly 6000 BC to the historical era (ca. AD 250). In addition to this ancient focus, the course aims to relate many of the most historically durable characteristics of the region to contemporary developments of the past two or three centuries. Fundamentally, this course asks us to reconceptualize the notion of civilization from the perspective of societies whose dominant forms of organization defied typical classifications such as states or empires and, instead, shaped a wholly different social order over the past 5000 years or more. This class provides a well-rounded experience of the geography, social organization, and social interconnections of one of the most essential and pivotal regions in world history and contemporary political discourse.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3793 Mississippi River Basin: Past, Present, and Future

Interdisciplinary study of the past, present, and future of the Mississippi River Basin. Using lectures, guest presentations, and field trips, the course provides a broad overview of the important natural, historical, social, cultural, and environmental issues surrounding the Mississippi River and its tributaries. We encourage an understanding and appreciation of the river from a holistic perspective. An emphasis in the course is on experiential learning, or out-of classroom field trips, where students have the opportunity to see, firsthand, important issues related to the Mississippi River, its environment, culture, and the historic changes wrought upon the River, and their effects. The class meets once a week; classes will include some combination of lecture, presentations by guest speakers, or field trips. During Spring break we will take a field trip down the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico (students will be charged an extra fee for this field trip).

Credit 4 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3796 Meltdown: The Archaeology of Climate Change

This course examines the temporal, geographical, and environmental aspects of past climate changes, and by using specific examples, explores how climate changes may have affected the evolution of human culture and the course of human history. Archaeological and documentary examples from the Americas, Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Near East will be used to explore if or how significant events in human history have been influenced by changes in climate.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3797 Anthropology and Climate Change: Past, Present, and Future

This course provides an overview for interplay between humanity and global climate change that encompasses three-field anthropological subjects. Course material includes the role of climate change in shaping human evolution, human solutions to climatic challenges through time, the impact of human activities on the climate, and modern socio-cultural examinations of how climate change is affecting the lives of people around the world.

Credit 3 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring, Summer

ANTHRO 3833 Performance and Healing: The Politics of Health Representation

The purpose of this course is to bridge the disciplines of medical anthropology, global public health, and medical humanities through deep consideration of how variegated knowledge about health, healing, and illness is produced and performed in a variety of public forums. Students will explore the ways in which knowledge is produced about particular global health topics through representation in text, image, sound, film/television, and live performance art. Using interdisciplinary theory and methods, this course answers the following questions: why are these representation modalities important, and how do we analyze them in practice? Drawing on the fields of medical anthropology, media studies, global public health, and performance studies, this course elucidates the relationships between knowledge production, representation, discourse, health, and power through three case studies. Case study topics include: HIV/AIDS, Heroin Injection Use, and Domestic and Sexual Violence. Although the course provides an interdisciplinary perspective for understanding and analyzing different ways of representing illness and healing, it is also deeply grounded within the political-economy of health framework of critical medical anthropology. The following topics will be central to our analyses in this class: gender, sexuality, the body, class, ethnicity, and language.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3842 Anthropology of America -- Intermediate I

Anthropological studies of American cultures and subcultures, examined at an intermediate level. Most attention to ethnographies of ethnic and national origin subcultures, to uses of ethnicity, to ways of coping with mainstream American culture. Read one book and write one book analysis each week. Thursday lectures, Tuesday discussions. Section enrollment on Tuesdays required. Prerequisite: Anthro 160B.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3844 Cultures in Contact: The Anthropology of Travel, Trade, and Transformation

This course looks at past and present interactions of people with the idea that people meet, greet, listen, process, and react to one another as part of larger networks and processes that bring worlds together. Cultural contact is not just about warfare, not just about the Olympics, not just about McDonalds; cultural contact involves people in time, space, and history where political motives, racism, religious conviction, personal gain, and curiosity all play part. This seeking of new knowledge has led us to cross seas and borders throughout prehistory. What motivates people to explore? And what happens when they do?

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Summer

ANTHRO 3860 Sports, Health, and Society

Sports is a lens onto social issues of health, fitness, and the body. Case studies in this course deal with injury and abuse, the role of medicine and pharmaceuticals, corporations and mass media, gendered aggression, doping scandals, disabled athletes, trans athletes, and video games, among other topics. A wide range of sports will be covered, including basketball, American football, college athletics, sumo wrestling, martial arts, ordinary activities like running and exercise, and mass spectacles such as the Olympics. By adopting cross-cultural and intersectional approaches, this course will consider how race, gender, and other social contrasts shape ableisms, body norms, violences, and hard-driving business interests in sports and society.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC, SC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3862 Biocultural Perspectives on Children

As childhood is both a biological phenomenon and a social construct, this course examines childhood both across cultures and from biosocial perspectives. Lectures and readings will use case materials from around the globe. We will start by examining basic Darwinian concepts and explore childhood in a variety of cultural settings. The course will be broken down into four major areas of interest: human evolution, sociology/social anthropology, biological anthropology, and developmental psychology. The goal is to form a biosocial and cross-cultural understanding of children. We will place strong emphasis on how childhood, a uniquely human life stage, varies from culture to culture, and on issues relating to physical and social development of children. Examples will come from both the north and the south, as well as from other species.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3870 Science and Society

Encounters with science are ubiquitous in daily life. We read papers hailing scientists' most recent achievements. We adjust our lifestyles to their findings, and we sometimes even allow them to change our beliefs about the world. As students, we learn about the scientific method, run labs, and memorize facts and equations. This course invites students to estrange themselves from these familiar scenes by challenging some assumptions about what science is and how it works. In the course, we launch from the premise that science is itself a cultural activity, permeated by social norms and values. Surveying a rich, cross-disciplinary literature, the course thus aims to unpack the deep imbrications between science, society, technology, economy, and politics from the perspective of the field of science and technology studies.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3871 Darwinian Medicine

This course explores the fundamental relationship of evolutionary theory to the art and science of medicine, broadly defined. By considering human health and disease from an evolutionary perspective, modern medicine is gaining new insights into why diseases occur, and how the human body is adapted to respond to them. Readings and lectures emphasize the impact of evolutionary causes rather than proximate causes of disease. This course will introduce evolutionary perspectives on aspects of disease, while considering other aspects of common diseases including social, political, and cultural aspects of human health and illness. Students will gain a deeper appreciation about human health, and acquire information that may also help to make critical health care decisions. Prerequisites: Anthro 150 and Anthro 160, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3872 Anthropology of Health and Healing

This course uses an anthropological perspective to examine global health and illness by focusing on systems, substances and techniques of healing. The student is presented with information from a variety of cultures designed to introduce basic principles and methods used in the discipline of medical anthropology. Concepts fundamental to the study of health and disease in cross-cultural contexts are explored via case histories that facilitate a holistic and comparative understanding of the rich diversity of human experience. The relationship between biology and culture is emphasized, along with the manner in which politics, economics, and social structure influence the choices people make in their efforts to diagnose, treat, and cure illness and disease and to promote health.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3873 Human Energetics and Physiology

A survey of human physiology, with a focus on energetics. Introductory lectures will focus on the importance of energetics in biology and evolution. We then explore basic human physiology, including growth and development, neurophysiology, respiration, digestion, locomotion, and reproduction, investigating both how these processes work, and how they fit into the evolved human strategy for growth, survival, and reproduction. Prerequisite: Anthro 150A or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3874 International Public Health

This course explores current topics in international public health using a case-study-based approach, emphasizing public health issues affecting low-and middle-income countries; introduction to the tools and methods of international public health research and programs; in-depth examination and critique of the roles of local and national governments, international agencies, and third-party donors in international public health work; and the contributions of anthropology to the international public health agenda.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3875 Pharmaceutical Personhood

This course examines sociocultural dimensions of pharmaceutical production and consumption in the contemporary world. Pharmaceuticals have brought remarkable promises. Their consumption also reflects various social inequalities and substantial transformations in human experience that demand critical attention. We examine the history and global reach of the pharmaceutical industry, the content of pharmaceutical advertising, and pharmaceutical use in the treatment of various kinds of illness, including common mental disorders, post-traumatic experience, chronic illness, eating disorders, and lifestyle disorders. Case studies are drawn from diverse societies. We also explore various angles of public criticism about the pharmaceutical industry. No background in anthropology is required.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3876 Darwin and Doctors: Evolutionary Medicine and Health

Back pain, diabetes, obesity, colds, even morning sickness. These are all common human health problems. But have you ever wondered why we have these and other health conditions? In this class, we will investigate this question - and others - specifically using evolutionary theory to inform current understandings of contemporary health problems.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM BU: SCI

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3880 Multispecies Worlds: Animals, Global Health, and Environment

Amid escalating global environmental and health crises that impact all forms of life, this course critically considers the diverse relationships of humans with other forms of life and varied ecological systems. Although anthropology has long studied humans' use of and impact on environments, anthropologists have begun to increase their focus on human-animal cohabitations, engagements, and shared cultures and worlds. This seminar looks at how diverse contemporary contexts -- such as zoos, farms, forests, and laboratories -- involve fascinating human-animal relationships and contentious implications for ethics, health, and ecology. In investigating how animals are central to scientific knowledge production, debates about animal welfare, environmental sustainability issues, companionship and pets, entertainment and sports, and zoonic disease, we will explore the possibility for more richly understanding the world by fully appreciating species diversity and interconnectivity.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3881 Disability and Culture

This course will examine how anthropological theory and methods contribute to the understanding of disability and adaptation to chronic health conditions. Areas to be covered will include: belief and ethnomedical systems, social construction of illness and disability, ethnicity and health care, cultural influences on everyday competence, decision-making and symptom management, family caregiving, cultural influences on patterns of help-seeking, stigma and coping with chronic illness, and the disability rights movement.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3882 Psychological Anthropology

The objective of this course is to introduce students to the central topics and methods of psychological anthroplogy. Psychological anthropology is concerned with the interplay of psychology and culture on both the individual and group levels. We will look cross-culturally at such topics as child and adolescent development, religious experience, illness and healing, self and identity, gender and sexuality, reasoning and symbolism, and psychopathology. This class draws upon a range of sources, including ethnographies, psychoanalytic theory, contemporary critical theory, and cross-cultural materials.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3884 Regulating Reproduction: Morality, Politics and (In)justice

This course centers on the burgeoning corpus of anthropological scholarship on reproduction, with special attention to the regulation of reproductive behaviors and population management in cross-cultural perspective. Anthropologists and feminist scholars have shown how reproduction-which links individual bodies to the body politic-is a privileged site for processes of governance. Scholars have also shown how seemingly personal reproductive choices made in the micro units of families, are always bound up with broader, if obscured, economic, national, and political projects. In this course, we will cover how diverse entities, including the state, the Church, NGO's and feminist groups, seek to manage reproductive behaviors and politics across the world. We will discuss population control campaigns (such as China's notorious one-child policy) and pronatalist population policies (like those seen in Israel) in order to underscore how the management of fertility becomes a crucial site for nationalist and state-building projects. In this course we examine processes of reproductive governance around topics including pregnancy and birth, family planning, abortion, and adoption. We also examine how the global proliferation of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (such as in vitro, sonogram, abortifacient pills, amniocentesis) intersects with efforts to govern reproduction. Crucially, we take class and race as key axes through which reproduction is experienced and stratified in diverse contexts. At the end of this course students should have a solid grasp of key topics and themes in the anthropology of reproductive governance, as well as more in-depth knowledge of a particular controversial reproductive issue that they choose to focus on for their final research paper.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC, SC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 3885 Global Mental Health

What does global mental health mean for different actors and stakeholders? This course will examine the history, interventions, and critiques of global mental health. We will explore how diagnosis, distress, and treatment are experienced in different cultural and geographic contexts. Moreover, we will consider how biomedical psychiatry complements and conflicts with other forms of healing expertise. We will also consider mental health disparities, and critically reflect on the successes and challenges of global mental health interventions. This course will draw on materials from different disciplines, including anthropology, public health, psychiatry, social work, long form journalism, and guest speakers to examine topics in global mental health, such gender and sexuality, migration and displacement, environmental determinants and climate change, and global crises like COVID-19. Our course materials will draw on research carried out in a variety of locations, including the United States, India, Iran, Italy, Botswana, Brazil, and Thailand.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring, Summer

ANTHRO 3886 The Anthropology of Mental Health

The psyche-what goes on in your head and others'- is an ineffable part of the human experience. It produces the most profound feelings of pain and pleasure and includes everything from memory and trauma to desire and fantasy. But it also responds to things in the real world: racism, poverty, social inequality, and ecological catastrophe. It informs our behavior, and it is informed by the material conditions around us. When things go wrong in the psyche, we now call them mental illnesses. But it's not always clear whether their causes are internal and 'organic' or 'socially constructed' by external factors and labels. Often, both forces are at play. In this exploratory course we will work to develop a new language for understanding the psyche as it operates in the 21st century. We will read widely and generously from sources on the history and culture of mental health and mental illness, as well as ethnographies of its related institutions. Our goal is to bring together both anthropological theory and applied ethical insights from the legitimate scientific discoveries of psychology, psychiatry, and psychoanalysis.

Credit 3 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3887 American Indians and American Empire

This course critically explores the past and present struggles of Native Americans against white settler colonialism. We trace connections between U.S. domestic policy and imperialist ideologies, politics, and violent war from the United States to the Philippines to Latin America and the Middle East. By reading work by Native American and non-Native scholars, writers, and activists, we will consider how issues of race, class, gender and sexuality, violence, policing and militarism, nature, education, language, and sovereignty are intertwined with coloniality, forms of anti-colonial resistance, and the making of decolonized futures. Readings will be interdisciplinary, drawing on anthropology, history, politics, and literature. Students will develop research projects through case studies of their choosing.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3888 The Anthropology of Development

This course begins with the major development theories from the end of WWII to the present. A critical review of these theories reveals that the relationship between the rhetoric and practice of development is tenuous at best. Development practice is too often driven by relationships, attitudes, and motives that are seldom addressed in the discourse of international development. A second major theme will be the role of anthropologists in the development project, and anthropological critiques of development. Special emphasis will be placed upon contemporary approaches, especially ideas of participation and empowerment and the institution of NGOs (Non-Government Organizations). Prerequisite: L48-160BQ or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 3889 Rich Nations and Poor Nations

Course begins with an examination of equality in small scale societies and proceeds to a study of the causes underlying the current wealth gap between the developed world and underdeveloped Third World. Last half of course focuses on the wealth gap within poor nations and examines problems of urban and rural development. Prerequisite: Anthro 160BQ or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, IS

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3900 Intermediate Directed Research

This course level is typically taken by juniors or seniors during their first semester in the lab, or by advanced freshmen and sophomores. The expectations of a 300-level directed research project will be greater than those of a 200 level directed research. Student participation in research activities should include higher-level participation, including completing literature reviews, running complex assays, or similar work. The student is expected to be proficient in the appropriate research techniques of a lab, familiar with relevant literatures surrounding the project, and capable of working with minimal supervision. There should be some form of final evaluation or project, but an independent research project is not necessary. May be taken for 1-3 credit hours, 1-2 recommended. Students must enroll in a specific section with a faculty member and receive approval from the department.

Credit 3 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3916 Archaeology Field School At Kampsville

Requires permission of Department by application prior to May 15. Work will be done during the summer months at Kampsville, Illinois. Variable credit of 3-9 units.

Credit 9 units.

Typical periods offered: Summer

ANTHRO 3990 Undergraduate Teaching Assistant

Open to advanced undergraduates only. Usual duties of teaching assistant in laboratory or other selected courses. Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3992 Archaeology Field School in China

Requires permission of department by application prior to April 15. Involves work in China during the months of June and July. Variable credit 3 - 6 units.

Credit 6 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Summer

ANTHRO 3993 Introduction to Archaeological Field Techniques

This session will run from June 11, 2018-June 29, 2018. Introduction to archaeological fieldwork. Includes a variety of techniques employed by archaeologists, the underlying purpose of excavations, and the manner in which they are used to explore past societies. Field mapping and testing an archaeolgocial site near Cahokia Mounds links this project to ongoing excavations with other institutions and relates it to the Redefining Cahokia project.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: HUM, SSC Art: SSC BU: HUM EN: S

Typical periods offered: Summer

ANTHRO 3994 An Introduction to Archaeological Site Survey

The study and interpretation of the archaeological record begins in most instances with an archaeological survey. The purpose of this course is to provide students with an introductory level, hands-on experience to archaeological survey as practiced in eastern North America. This involves an introduction in the field to the various methods employed in the identification and mapping of archaeological sites. Students will spend Saturdays in the field mapping and recording archaeological sites including the mapping of monumental earthworks such as those at the prehistoric site of Cahokia or nearby mound centers.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: HUM, SSC Art: SSC BU: HUM EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring, Summer

ANTHRO 3995 Anthropology Coursework Completed Abroad

Study Abroad

Credit 12 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3996 Anthropology Elective: 300-Level

External transfer credit

Credit 3 units. EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring, Summer

ANTHRO 3997 Anthropology Environment Study Abroad Coursework

Study Abroad

Credit 0 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3998 Anthropology Global Health Study Abroad Coursework

Global Studies Study Abroa

Credit 0 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 3999 Class Mentor

Classroom instructional assistance through mentoring activities assigned by instructor. Limited to advanced undergraduates only. Permission of instructor required. Class mentors will contribute to the intellectual development and/or pedagogical design. This is a more rigorous commitment that requires the production of additional course material or responsibilities compared to L48 Anthro 399; Undergraduate Teaching Assistant. Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4005 The Evolutionary and Health Impacts of Human Parasite Infection

Are parasites old friends or enemies we have been combatting for as long as humans have been around? Throughout our evolutionary history, humans have constantly interactedwith parasites and other organisms that make their homes in our bodies. How did these relationships evolve and how does variation in social and economic factors alter human infection risk? Why do some parasite infections cause severe illness while other are often unnoticed? How might an evolutionary understanding of human-parasite relationships help us improve health outcomes? This class will explore these questions and more as we investigate how parasites have affected human evolution and health. Pre-requisites: L48 307A or equivalent highly recommended.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM BU: SCI

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4010 Evolution of Non-Human Primates

Discussion and analysis of primate evolution with emphasis on comparative and functional anatomy and primate paleontology. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4011 Popular Culture and Consumption in Modern China

This writing-intensive seminar explores transformations in popular culture and everyday life in Chinese society since 1949 through an analytical focus on political economy and material culture. Drawing upon ethnographic texts, films, and material artifacts, we will investigate how the forces of state control and global capitalism converge to shape consumer desires and everyday habits in contemporary China. Case studies include eating habits, fashion standards, housing trends, entertainment, sports, and counterfeit goods. Prerequisite: previous course in China studies (anthropology, economics, history, literature, philosophy, or political science) required. Enrollment by instructor approval only.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, WI Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4015 Guided Readings in Global Health: Life in Crisis

This asynchronous reading course explores anthropological insights on global health crises, applying them to the current COVID-19 pandemic. The class will cover theoretical questions of crisis, states of emergency, and anticipation and preparedness, as well as survey recent ethnographies of biosecurity, epidemics (including ebola), and global humanitarianism. The online course will include: reading electronic resources, following prerecorded content overviews, Canvas posts, and peer-to-peer online engagement.

Credit 1.5 units. A&S IQ: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4016 Guided Readings in Medical Anthropology

Weekly readings and discussions on the anthropological perspectives of biomedicine culminating in a comparative essay at the end of the semester.

Credit 1.5 units.

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4017 Guided Readings in Environmental Anthropology: Placemaking St. Louis

This course explores how our cultural, historical, intellectual, and affective relationships with St. Louis create a sense of place (who we are, which communities we join, and where we belong). We will also study how urban and suburban landscapes influence others' experiences of natural and built environments. Assigned ethnographic texts explore the problem (and promise) of local placemaking amidst national and global problems such as economic segregation, environmental racism, and rapid technological and industrial change. Writing projects will inform and enrich our analysis of recent direct political action in and around St. Louis as we seek to understand and interpret the city anew.

Credit 1.5 units. A&S IQ: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4022 Transnational Reproductive Health Issues: Meanings, Technologies, Practices

This course covers recent scholarship on gender and reproductive health, including such issues as reproduction and the disciplinary power of the state, contested reproductive relations within families and communities, and the implications of global flows of biotechnology, population, and information for reproductive strategies at the local level. We will also explore how transnational migration and globalization have shaped reproductive health, the diverse meanings associated with reproductive processes, and decisions concerning reproduction. Reproduction will serve as a focus to illuminate the cultural politics of gender, power, and sexuality.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, SC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4030 Archaeology and Early Ethnography of the Southwest

This course integrates archaeological, historical, and early ethnographic dimensions of American Indian societies in the southwestern United States and northwest Mexico, a region famous for its challenging environment, cultural diversity, and the contributions made by its Native inhabitants. Emphasis is placed on the development of sophisticated desert agriculture and on the rise of regionally integrated cultures including Chaco Canyon and Mesa Verde. The impact of Spanish, Mexican, and American colonization are explored. Ethnographies of Tohono O'odham (Papago), Hopi, Zuni, Rio Grande Pueblo, and Navajo societies will be discussed.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4031 Gender and Labor Politics in East Asia

The course explores anthropological and historical approaches to work and labor through a focus on East Asian women's experiences of labor force participation. We will ask how gender ideologies, kinship patterns, national politics and global economic transformations shape the meaning of work and labor for different groups of women over time by analyzing the linked nexus of factory work, sex work, and service work. We will examine how anthropologists, historians, and sociologists have studied issues of class, resistance, industrialization, and urbanization in the East Asian context. Readings will focus on Japan, China, South Korea, Taiwan, and Hong Kong. Prerequisites: Anthro 160B or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4033 Culture, Illness, and Healing in Asia

This course examines the place of health, illness, and healing in Asian societies. We will explore how people experience, narrate, and respond to illness and other forms of suffering - including political violence, extreme poverty, and health inequalities. In lectures and discussions we will discuss major changes that medicine and public health are undergoing and how those changes affect the training of practitioners, health care policy, clinical practice and ethics. The course will familiarize students with key concepts and approaches in medical anthropology by considering case studies from a number of social settings including China, India, Indonesia,Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Tibet, Thailand, Vietnam and Asian immigrants in the United States. We will also investigate the sociocultural dimensions of illness and the medicalization of social problems in Asia, examining how gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, disability and other forms of social difference affect medical knowledge and disease outcomes. This course is intended for anthropology majors, students considering careers in medicine and public health, and others interested in learning how anthropology can help us understand human suffering and formulate more effective interventions.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4040 Political Anthropology

Political systems of small-scale, peasant, and modernizing societies. Emphasis on social control; decision-making processes; and the social, economic, and ideological sources of political power.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4041 Islam and Politics

Blending history and ethnography, this course covers politics in the Islamic world in historical and contemporary times. Topics include history of Islam, uniformity and diversity in belief and practice (global patterns, local realities), revolution and social change, women and veiling, and the international dimensions of resurgent Islam. Geographical focus extends from Morocco to Indonesia; discussion of other Muslim communities is included (Bosnia, Chechnya, sub-Saharan Africa, U.S.)

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: IS

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4044 The Politics of Secularism

Secularism is broadly understood as the separation of religion and politics; the West is thought to be secular, the non-West (and especially the Muslim world) decidedly less so. This course asks what exactly secularism is by examining it both as a political doctrine and a practice of government. Some questions we will consider include: What are the conceptual origins of the doctrine of separation of church and state on which most Western liberal democracies are based? What notion of religion is necessary for secular governance? What is the relationship of the secular to particular discourses of citizenship and practices of political rule? What forms of moral and political inclusion and exclusion does secularism enact? To answer these questions, we will consider a series of historical and contemporary case studies, including the effects of colonial rule on religious and political life in South Asia; Jewish emancipation in Germany and France; secularism in France and the United States; and the recent emergence of and responses to Islamic movements in the Middle East and Europe.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4046 Primate Ecology and Social Structure

Survey of the ecology, individual and social behavior, adaptations, and interactions of the major groups of primates. Emphasis on studies designed to examine the relationships among ecology, morphophysiology, and behavior. Methods used in collecting data on primates in the field. Prerequisite: Anth 150A or one 100-level biology course.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4053 The Archaeology of Politics and the Politics of Archaeology

How we study, interpret, present, and preserve the past is never isolated from broader concerns in society. In the currently polarized environment, the meaning of history and cultural heritage has taken on an unavoidable salience in political discourse. What is at stake is the ability to set the terms of conversations about national identity, cultural patrimony, illicit antiquities, war, and natural resource extraction, among many others. This course therefore addresses three questions: (1) how do archaeologists study politics in the past, (2) how does archaeological knowledge figure into politics (3) how is the creation of knowledge about the past inflected by present-day politics? To answer these questions, we will engage with a range of exemplary case studies that reveal the breadth and depth of the ways that scholars have examined the political in archaeology. Central themes in this course will concern archaeological methods and theory for studying ancient polities and political action in the past, conflict within and between polities, the use and abuse of archaeological knowledge, archaeology and nationalism, colonialism, the political economy of archaeological fieldwork, labor in and as a subject of archaeological research, archaeology and public policy, as well as archaeology as a form of political action. We will confront numerous challenging topics, with the perspective that archaeology is far from a dusty esoteric pursuit, but rather a terrain of meaningful struggle between experts, funders, stakeholders, descendant communities, state bureaucracies, institutions, and a range of publics. Students will gain an in depth understanding of both how archaeologists have valuable knowledge to contribute to the study of politics as such as well as the political issues facing archaeology in the world today.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, SC Arch: HUM Art: HUM EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4061 Primate Community Ecology

This class will examine the ecology and evolution of primate communities in Africa, Asia, Madagascar, and the Neotropics. Topics to be discussed include: species coexistence; climatic, evolutionary and anthropogenic effects on community structure; conservation biology; paleoecology and fossils; social behavior; species richness and macroecology; analytical techniques for community, and large-scale ecological data.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4081 Evolutionary Human Anatomy

Human anatomy as seen through an evolutionary perspective. The course will discuss the human fossil record concerning major anatomical systems (e.g., evolution of the brain, musculoskeletal system, nervous system, etc.). Prerequisite: Anth 150A, Bio 100A, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4082 Origin of Evolutionary Thought

This course provides and in-depth introduction to classic works in evolutionary biology and evolutionary anthropology. Students will read primary as well as some secondary sources and be expected to discuss those materials each week in class. Students should expect a very heavy reading load, and should plan on reading the assignments throughout the week.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4092 Vertical Civilization: Andean Archaeology and Andean Environments, From Monte Verde to the Inkas

Western South America is a land of environmental extremes - a realm where the world's driest desert, second-highest mountain chain, and largest rain forest rub shoulders with one another. Yet within this mosaic of diverse landscapes, human societies developed the hemisphere's earliest innovations in agriculture, monumental architecture, and metallurgy - as well as one of the ancient world's greatest empires, the Inka. This course offers an introduction to Andean prehistory, from the peopling of South America circa 13,000 B.P. to the Spanish Invasion of the 16th Century C.E. Throughout, we seek to understand the challenges that Andean environments presented to human societies and the often unique solutions that Andean peoples developed to deal with risk and to make sense of the world around them. Course lectures and discussions focus on recent research and major debates in Andean prehistory. Although our primary geographic focus follows the spine of the Andes from northern Ecuador to Central Chile (mapping out the maximum extent of Inka hegemony), we will frequently visit the Amazonian lowlands, as well as the southern and northern limits of the continent.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4100 Topics in Anthropology: Humanitarianism

This course offers a critical perspective on the field of humanitarianism-the humanitarian ethos or desire to help those in need as well as the humanitarian norms and practices that guide such interventions. What does it mean to help others, and why (and when) do people choose to do so? When is helping others a moral imperative? Why are some lives saved while others are left to suffer? The course introduces the historical, legal, and political foundations of humanitarian response and investigates into the practices, contexts, and effects of humanitarian intervention. Course content will critically examine humanitarian interventions amid medical, environmental, and conflict contexts and inquire into humanitarian temporalities, spaces, politics, ethics, and care.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4102 Latin America and the Rise of the Global South

The rise of the global south - and the reordering of global geopolitics, economics and cultural imaginaries - is characterized by progressive change and intense conflict. Economic growth coincides with the impacts of global warming, the assault on natural resources, the rise of new consumers and the entrenchment of deep inequalities. We also see the emergence of cultural and political formations that range from the horrific to the inspiring. Latin America is a central node of the new global south. Here history takes unpredictable turns in the face of declining U.S. hegemony, the economic growth of Brazil, legacies of militarism and political violence, a feverish attack on nature, resurgent economic nationalism, and defiant anti-globalization movements. Through close reading of contemporary ethnographies of Latin America we explore emergent cultural and political-economic processes in the region, we consider south-south articulations (theoretical, cultural, political-economic) between Latin America, China, Africa, and India, and we reflect on the changing role, meaning, and relationships of the United States in the region.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4104 Topics in Anthropology:

A course covering topics in one of the three subdisciplines of anthropology

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4106 Topics in Anthropology: Biomechanics

Humans, like all organisms, live and evolved in a world that is governed by the rules of physics. Such an engineered world has undoubtedly had a profound impact on the human evolutionary trajectory. Biomechanics is the science of understanding the natural world around us in a mechanistic fashion, and it has become a major pillar in investigating the human form and function. Understanding how humans and our closest relatives behave in and interact with the physical world can lead to novel insights into the evolution of complex traits; such understanding can come from investigating the mechanics of tissues and structures of the human body or understanding the principles of movement and locomotion. Through lectures, discussions, and hands-on experience, this course will explain biomechanical terms and principles to demonstrate how this discipline has contributed to biological anthropology.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM BU: SCI

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4107 Topics in Archaeology: Archaeology of the Living World

As anthropologists, archaeologists are familiar with the animate nature of reality as experienced by most people at most times in human history. Guided by such reality, people create material patterns that challenge archaeologists to identify them by attempting to elucidate what the makers might have experienced and intended, not what modern scientists might see through the lens of a clear division between animate and inanimate material. Increasingly, the default position of ignoring this challenge because it is difficult to make convincing arguments regarding the esoteric knowledge generating patterns in an animate world is no longer acceptable, morally or practically. This course explores some of the work archaeologists are undertaking to advance knowledge of past realities experienced by people generating material records we that can study from the perspective of relations between people and things of a mutually constitutive nature.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM BU: SCI

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4108 Topics in Anthropology: Representations of Disability

Topics in Anthropology: Representations of Disability

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4110 Pushing Daisies: The Anthropology of Death and Dying

This course examines the dying process and the ways humans around the world come to terms with their mortality. We will critically analyze controversial issues regarding brain death, suicide, euthanasia, and organ donation. We will survey funerary traditions from a variety of cultures and compare the social, spiritual, and psychological roles that these rituals play for both the living and the dying. We will examine cultural attitudes toward death and how the denial and awareness of human mortality can shape social practices and institutions. Finally, we will consider issues regarding quality of life, the opportunities and challenges of caregiving, and hospice traditions around the world. This course will include readings and films about individuals and groups, both in the United States and around the world, as well as guest speakers (hospice workers, home aides, organ donation facilitators, counselors) who will talk about issues related to end-of-life health and caretaking issues in and around St Louis.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4111 Households and Families in Cross-Cultural Perspective

Examines the social, political and economic implications of various strategies of family and household organization. This course raises questions about the conditions under which members of families and households cooperate with one another and addresses the potential sources of conflict within families and households. Includes discussion of marital relationships,parent-child relationships, adoption and fictive kinship, and relationships among children. Addresses theoretical and methodological debates concerning family and household research.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4114 Anthropology and Existentialism

This course examines what it means to be human. Drawing on existentialist philosophy and ethnography, this course is about appreciating the richness, the deep emotional tone, and also the dangers of human experience. Case studies look at profound aspects of existence, like suffering, healing, mercy, and hope, across diverse cultures. Specific themes covered include the ordinary life, how we perceive the world around us, the feeling of being at home and senses of place, how we experience pain, what makes our bodies powerful or vulnerable, why things really matter, and how communities cope with trauma and violence. This course is especially relevant for students interested in medical anthropology and social dimensions of health and illness. No background in anthropology or philosophy is required.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4115 Anthropology of Deviance

This course provides an anthropological perspective on notions of deviance as social, psychological, moral, and medical mechanisms of control and regulation. Students will learn to critically engage and evaluate dominant etiological theories of deviance, local and global contexts of deviance, and social responses to deviance as cultural processes through which communities make (and unmake) meaningful human relationships. Through academic texts, ethnographic accounts, clinical case materials, and first-hand accounts, students will explore multiple dimensions of what it means to be deviant or normal in a given social or cultural context. Sample topics include: historical trajectories of deviance, deviance and criminology, social class and inequality, prison cultures, deviance and resistance, deviant personalities, forensic psychiatry, deviant vs. socially sanctioned violence, and stigma.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC, SC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4116 Anthropology and Experiment

In recent years, many cultural anthropologists have described their work as experimental. On the surface, the notion of experimentation leads something of a double life. On the one hand, in its ideal form, it stands for rigidly held methodological tenets aimed at answering questions in rigorous ways. This kind of experimentations is the hallmark of scientific inquiry. On the other hand, experimentation implies something of open-endedness, of tentative and flexible exploration. Through an examination of works on experiments, as well as purportedly experimental ethnographies, we will pursue the question: What is an experimental mode of inquiry in cultural anthropology, and how does it square with the two idealized meanings of experimentation? We will examine the links and resonances between different notions of what experiments do, what they describe in terms of both form and method, how they begin and end, how they are assessed as successes or failures, and what sort of knowledge they produce. This course involves reading across cultural anthropology, science studies and the philosophy of science to better understand different approaches to experiments across domains of research and writing. Can we learn something about what anthropologists do in experimental works from the wealth of thoughtful scholarship on experiments in other fields? Is there something common to experimentation in cultural anthropology and experimentation elsewhere in the social sciences and beyond?

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4117 Nature/Culture

What do we mean by nature or by designating something as natural? How do we distinguish nature from culture and where does such a distinction break down, become political or controversial? Is the distinction between nature and culture itself universal, or does it emerge from a particular history and reflect particular preconceptions and understandings? And how do new technologies reconfigure this distinction? In this course, we will explore such questions, paying special attention to the ways anthropology, as a discipline, has relied on, reinforced, and legitimated this great divide.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4118 The Good Cause: Psychological Anthropology of Moral Crusades

Why do people join moral crusades? These are social movements based on powerful moral institutions, ranging from the abolitionist and suffragette movements to witch hunts, insurgency and ethnic riots. Such movements are extremely diverse, yet their unfolding and the dynamics of recruitment show remarkably common properties. We will examine a series of empirical cases, including recent events, and assess the relevance of models based on individual psychological dynamics, intuitive moral capacities, and human motivation for participation in collective action.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4119 Becoming Clinicians and Healers

A great deal of learning in clinical, caring, and healing professions takes place on the job and through interactions with peers and supervisors. To better understand such subtle and hidden forms of learning, we will examine how clinicians- and healers-in-training experience processes of embodiment and the training of the senses in therapeutic encounters. Pairing theoretical scholarship on apprenticeship, tacit knowledge, and the perfection of one's craft, with rich ethnographic research on training in surgery, psychotherapy, and shamanism, this course will explore the subtle and subjective experiences of learning to become a future therapeutic practitioner.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Spring, Summer

ANTHRO 4121 Language and Power

Language is implicated in the constitution and exercise of social power in a multitude of ways. Researchers have often distinguished between a micro-level of social interaction and the macro-level of larger political formations in order to understand the relationship between language and social power. However, our goal is to focus on the dialectical interplay between the two levels of analysis by looking at topics such as honorification as encoded in language, the role of language in resistance and hegemony, as well as ritual and authority. Further, the class will address the formation of collective identities and the legitimization of political projects such as state-formation on the basis of language.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4122 Language and Gender

Within an overall approach to cultural analysis stressing the mediation of sociocultural phenomena through language, we focus on the particular case of gender. The class will provide an overview of scholarship on language and gender, following the question of how culturally and socially varying constructs of gender are both constituted and expressed in language use. We will also examine how studies of language and power, politics, and stratification can inform our understanding of gender and will also address methodological issues in the field.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4123 Argumentation Through Ethnography

Ethnography is the traditional mainstay of anthropological academic writing. Through ethnography, anthropologists do more than simply describe a culture or a group of people; rather, they organize and present their field materials in particular ways in order to make intellectual, theoretical, and sometimes even political arguments. This seminar will explore the different ways anthropologists have used ethnography to make intellectual claims and frame theoretical or practical arguments. The aim of the course is to help students develop critical reading skills for engaging ethnographic materials as well as to explore the ways in which ethnography, when done well, can be a persuasive and engaging means of academic argumentation. This course is intended as a sequel to Anthro 472. Prerequisite: Anthro 472 or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4124 Language and Politics

Language is a constitutive part of political processes. While many agree that language is used to symbolize or express political action, the main focus of this course is on how linguistic practice and ideology contributes to the creation of political stances, events, and spheres. Topics addressed include political rhetoric and ritual, the emergence of public spheres, discrimination, as well as ethnic conflict, nationalism and colonialism.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4125 Language, Ethnicity, and Nationalism

This course will explore the possible relationships between language, ethnicity, and nationalism, using theoretical readings and a consideration of particular examples. We will first discuss the relationship between language and ethnicity in the development of national languages and cultures, considering the role of factors such as colonialism, language standardization and print media, religious languages, and ideologies of national boundaries. Further topics will include the situations of ethnic and linguistic minorities in nation-states, ethnolinguistic separatist movements, pidgins and creoles, and the spread of world languages. Prerequisite: Anthro 2151 or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4126 Endangered Languages and Linguistic Diversity

Although about 6000 languages are spoken in the world today, one estimate predicts that 90% of the world's languages will disappear in the next century. How could this happen, and what are people doing about i? This course will utilize theoretical readings and examples of particular African, American, Asian, and European languages to explore the theoretical issues of languages shift and ethnolinguistic revitalization movements. In the first half of the course, we will explore processes of language shift: how and why languages die, how discourses of language death and endangerment impact languages and speakers, and the structural effects of language obsolescence. In the second half of the course, we will explore the various reasons why groups wish to preserve languages, the potential benefits of language revitalization, and the factors in successful and unsuccessful language revitalization movements, including language policy, education, media, religion, literacy and standardization, economic development, and ethnic prejudice and discrimination.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4127 Language and Medical Expertise

Language plays a constitutive role in the creation and communication of medical expertise in all cultures, as well as across cultures. The goal of this course is to introduce students to the discourse-centered approach to medicine found in sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology. How is medical authority negotiated in interactions between doctors/healers and patients? How do authoritative narratives and discourses structure cultural understandings of disease, health, wellbeing, and the body? What role does language and its use play in legitimizing certain forms of medicine while delegimizing others, especially in medically-plural societies? Does Western medicine differ from non-Western medicine with respect to the way it is created and communicated? How do ideologies of language and communication shape the way medical representations circulate in society, including across socio-cultural boundaries, as in acts of translation? How are new institutional forms of communication, like mass media and the internet, reshaping medical expertise around the world? We will begin the course with the role of narrative in the construction of medical knowledge and perception, then move to the micro-analyses of authoritative language in the patient-doctor medical encounter, and end the course by turning to the macro-analysis of medical institutions, exploring them in relation to the kinds of expert texts they produce and circulate. The course will draw on theoretical readings and ethnographic research conducted in many places in order to develop a cross-cultural understanding of the issues.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4128 Conspiracies, Cults, and Moral Panics: The Affective Politics of Fear

This course takes an anthropological look at conspiracy theories, cults, and moral panics as manifestations of cultural distress and modes of everyday knowledge and practice. The thread that connects these phenomena is that they are constituted as counterhegemonic pathways to truths that the majority of people cannot (or refuse to) see. As such, they serve as provocative lenses on changing understandings of such issues as the relationship between the individual and the modern state, the contours of civil liberties and responsibilities, and the nature and purpose of human existence. Throughout the semesterwe will explore the evolution and social impact of conspiracies, cults, and moral panics, and examine the historical, cultural, political, and religious dynamics that inform all three using a variety of critical methods. Among other lines of inquiry, we will ask: What is the cultural and psychological work of these phenomena? And what do they suggest about our own experiences-especially of freedom, the exercise of power, and what counts as knowledge?

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4134 The AIDS Epidemic: Inequalities, Ethnography, and Ethics

In the year 2000, HIV became the world's leading infectious cause of adult death. In the next 10 years, AIDS killed more people than all wars of the 20th century combined. As the global epidemic rages on, our greatest enemy in combating HIV/AIDS is not knowledge or resources but rather global inequalities and the conceptual frameworks with which we understand health, human interaction, and sexuality. This course emphasizes the ethnographic approach for the cultural analysis of responses to HIV/AIDS. Students will explore the relationships among local communities, wider historical and economic processes, and theoretical approaches to disease, the body, ethnicity/race, gender, sexuality, risk, addiction, power, and culture. Other topics covered include the cultural construction of AIDS and risk, government responses to HIV/AIDS, origin and transmission debates, ethics and responsibilities, drug testing and marketing, the making of the AIDS industry and risk categories, prevention and education strategies, interactions between biomedicine and alternative healing systems, and medical advances and hopes.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, SC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4135 Tobacco: History, Culture, Science, and Policy

Tobacco is the most important public health and medical problem of our time, the leading cause of cancer and other chronic diseases. This course examines tobacco's important role in shaping the modern world and global health over the course of the last five centuries, from indigenous uses of tobacco to plantation slavery to the cigarette boom to the politics of health and smoking in the 21st century. Through in-depth historical and anthropological case studies, tobacco provides a window onto trends in government and law, medicine and public health, business and economics, society and culture, including changing social meanings of gender, race, class, sexuality, advertising, consumerism, risk, responsibility, and health in the United States and worldwide. This course also introduces students to public health approaches to noncommunicable disease prevention, environmental health, and healthy lifestyle promotion. No background in anthropology or public health is required.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4172 American Indian Sovereignty

The concept of sovereignty is what distinguisher American Indians from all other socalled minority groups in the U.S. American indian definitions of sovereignty include a spiritual, political and ethinic basis. Through three contemporary case studies, we will study the ways in which American Indian activism stresses each of these three perspectives. The dominant non-Native definition is bsed on the ligal relationships established by non-Native governments. This perspective will be examined through an overview of policies enacted by non-Indians to legislate various aspects of Indian existence, from the Papal Bull of 1493 to the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act of 1990. We will also study the responses and reactions of American Indians to those policies. The course will conclude with a discussion of the role of American Indian sovereignty today.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4180 On Location: Portland Beyond Portlandia: Creative Cities and the New Economy

Every summer, AMCS travels to a new location to explore fundamental questions of national identity and meaning through the study of the interdependent relationship between culture and place. By visiting landmarks, historic sites, museums, memorials etc.-- sites best understood through direct engagement with consideration of their rich material, historical, political, and social meanings-students become in-the-field observers and learn from local experts and faculty. Past On Location destinations have included: California, Hawaii, New York City, Washington D.C., the Industrial Southwest, and American Indian landmarks. For more information and description of past travel sites, please visit http://amcs.wustl.edu/courses/on_location.

Credit 3 units.

Typical periods offered: Summer

ANTHRO 4181 Comparative Methods in Physical Anthropology

Intensive study of theoretical concepts and statistical methods in research using comparative methods. Major emphasis on scaling (allometry) and phylogenetically independent comparisons and their application to questions of mammalian variation in life history, metabolism, brain size, and dentition. Prerequisite: one semester of statistics, 6 units of physical anthropology or biology, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4183 History and Methods in Systematics

Historical review of phylogenetic systematics focusing on different approaches to species identification, classification, and phylogenetic inference. We will examine the influence of such competing approaches not only historically, but also on current controversies including character independence and weighting, tree construction, resolution and statistics, consensus techniques, and the uses of phylogenies. Prerequisite: Anthro 150A

Credit 3 units. Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4190 Primate Behavior

Discussion and analysis of recent research on the social behavior of nonhuman primates. Data from both field and laboratory study. Prerequisite: Anth 406, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4191 Primate Cognition

This course will investigate historical and current views regarding the cognitive capacities of non-human primates, and the extent to which these abilities are shared with humans. Topics for this class will include: social cognition, problem-solving, tool use, culture, communication, theory of mind, deception, self-recognition, imitation, and numerical cognition. The classes will involve discussion and critical evaluation of theory and methods in this challenging and exciting area of primate cognitive research.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4192 Comparative Juvenile Behavior

What makes young animals different from adult animals? Throughout this lecture and seminar based course, we will explore the behaviors of young animals and consider what makes juveniles unique, and how behaviors specific to this time period may contribute in the transition to adulthood. Topics will include: play behavior, teasing, rank and dominance, sex-differences, affiliative bonds, adult encounters, and the evolution of the juvenile period.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4193 Primate Biogeography

This course focuses on the geographic distribution of living and fossil primates. The first half of the semester will provide an overview of biogeographic theory and methods, including island biogeography theory, geographical ecology, paleogeography, paleoclimatology, cladistic biogeography, and phylogeography. The second half of the semester will apply this knowledge to critically examine the biogeography of primates in the context of their behavior, ecology, morphology, genetics, evolutionary history, and extinction.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4194 Primate Ecoimmunology

The ability of an organism to defend itself against infection by viruses, bacteria, and parasites is critical to organismal survival and fitness. The response of the host immune system is vital in this defense, and like any phenotype, we observe variation in immune function between individuals, populations, and species. The field of ecoimmunology seeks to characterize and explain how the environment of the organism contributes to this observed variability in the host immune response. In this class, we will examine the evolution and function of the primate immune system, primarily in non-human primates, within the context of the extensive social and ecological variability in the primate order. We will take a broad and integrative approach, synthesizing material from diverse fields including immunology, ecology, physiology, behavior, and genetics. Prerequisites: Anthropology 150A or Biology 112

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM BU: SCI

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4195 Advanced Primate Laboratory Methods

This course provides students with firsthand experience in conducting laboratory work in primatology. This includes laboratory safety, preparing samples, running assays, and analyzing results. Students will learn best practices and the process of validating techniques. In addition to hands-on lab work, students will read peer-reviewed publications that present data generated from the types of techniques we will cover in class. Background reading on of all the methods used and learning about the field techniques used to collect the samples will also be required. Students in this course are expected to have sufficient prior experience in a laboratory setting and to already understand the basics of lab work, such as proper pipetting techniques and laboratory safety practices. With these basic skills already obtained, students will be able to focus on more interesting topics, such as hormonal, microbial, and genetic analysis of samples from wild primates. Students will need to make time to conduct laboratory work outside of class time. Each student will coordinate these times with the instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM BU: SCI

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4196 Ethnobotany: Plants and Cultures

Recovery and identification of ancient plant remains, evolution of major crop plants, patterns in cultural and cultigen geography. Prerequisite: Anth 190BP or an introductory course in botany, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4202 Anthropological Genetics

This course will examine the principles of evolutionary genetics as applied to complex characters such as morphology, behavior, life history, and disease. Mathematical models of quantitative inheritance and evolution will be discussed. Special topics include kin selection, sexual dimorphism and conservation genetics. Prerequisite: Anthro 150A or introductory biology.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4211 Ethnobotany

Interrelationships between plants and people, especially in past societies. Recovery and analysis of plant remains from archaeological sites; interpreting subsistence and vegetation changes; medicinal, ritual, and technological uses of plants; plant domestication and agricultural intensification. Modern efforts to understand and preserve threatened traditional ethnobotanical practices. Prerequisite: Anth 190BP or an introductory botany course, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC, WI Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4212 Advanced Methods in Paleoethnobotany

Advanced analytical techniques for the study of archaeological plant remains. Tools and methods for micromorphological recognition, including electron microscopy. Photomicroscopy at low magnification, management, tabulation, and reporting of data. Prerequisite: Anth 4211, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4213 Plants and American People: Past and Present

This interdisciplinary course examines the relationship between plants and the American people. Topics include the natural diversity of plants used by Native Americans for food, fiber, and medicine; the significance of plants in the 'Columbian Exchange' for the history of the U.S. and the economies of the Old World; Native American and Euro-American farming practices; modern agri-business including transgenic crops; and the modern conservation movement in the U.S. Several optional Saturday field trips are planned. Prerequisite: Junior standing or above.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4214 The Archaeology of Food and Drink

Studies of past human diets have moved beyond analyses of animal bones and seeds to encompass new theoretical goals and innovative analytical techniques. In this seminar-style course, students will explore methods of understanding food-related social interactions such as evidence including residues, ancient DNA, isotopes, and trace elements, along with more traditional artifacts and archaeobotanical and zooarchaeological remains. By examining case studies from around the world, we evaluate the current state of research attempting to integrate the biological and cultural aspects of eating and drinking.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4215 Anthropology of Food

The rising interest in food research crosscuts various academic disciplines. This seminar focuses on aspects of food of particular interest in anthropology. The first 2/3 of the course is reading intensive and discussion-intensive. Each student will write short review/response papers for major readings. For the final third, we will still be reading and discussing, but the reading load will be lighter (and we will have a field trip) as students devote more time to their research paper. The research paper will be a major effort on a topic discussed with and approved by the professor. In most cases it will have to deal with cultural and historical aspects of a food, set of foods, form of consumption or aspect of food production. Papers will be critiqued, assigned a provisional grade, revised and resubmitted.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4221 Biological Basis of Human Behavior

Infidelity, marriage customs, inner city violence, infanticide, intelligence...Are the behavioral patterns we see genetically fixed and racially variable? What is the evolutionary and biological basis of human behavior? This course offers a critical evaluation of these from an anthropological perspective.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, NSM Art: NSM BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4222 Human Nature in Minds and Cultures

What is unique about humans? And what is universal among human beings? Is human nature the product of a specific genome, or is it shaped by human cultures? Does it make sense to think of nature as the opposite of nurture? We will consider aspects of human nature in domains such as family and gender, political coalitions, religious extremism, ethnic identity and morality, from the viewpoints of cultural anthropology, philosophy, evolutionary biology and psychology.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4240 The Plundered Past: Archaeology's Challenges in the Modern World

The public imagination thrills at the fantastic adventures of Indiana Jones and Laura Croft, Tomb Raider; but the reality of modern archaeology is more complex, ethically challenging and interesting than a simple treasure hunt. In the U.S. and Canada, our science museums and museums of anthropology still display artifacts that are regarded as sacred and culturally definitive by Indian nations, although such holdings are now subject to negotiation and repatriation. Art museums in Europe and the U.S. are still stocked with looted ancient masterpieces that are revered as vital heritage by the nations from which they were stolen. We display looted art alongside a much smaller number of legitimately excavated artifacts of masterpiece quality, so it is no surprise that our popular images of archaeologists as avid and undiscerning collectors raise little concern. But modern archaeologists are not extractors of art or even of scientific information, from places as passive and inert as the museums' objects ultimately occupy. Archaeologists work with living people inhabiting societies and states that care deeply about their pasts and the relics of it. They are active agents engaged with many other people in the production of knowledge about the past. In our rapidly shrinking world, educated sensitivity to the many ancient cultural legacies that shape the values of modern global society is more than a moral imperative; it is a basic form of collaboration in the common project of survival. Archaeologists are ethically charged to advance that project through education about the complex contemporary arena of artifacts, sites, and information they occupy.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: HUM, LCD Art: HUM BU: HUM EN: H

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4242 Social Movements

How do people change the world? They organize. Social movements mobilize to change (or defend) cultural meanings and political and economic relations. This course examines movements ranging from jihadists to anti-abortionists to inner-city activists to transnational environmentalists. We compare movement origins, strategies, and effects. We ask how power and meaning are intertwined in political action and in people's understandings of themselves, how violence and other tactics work as meaningful political instruments, and why social movements are challenging formal politics around the world today. Anthropological approaches to global disjunctures between democracy and violence are at the core of our course.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4243 Terrorism and The Clash of Civilizations

This course is about conflicts in which violent means are deployed and moralistic terms are invoked so as to give legitimacy to such means. The code words in the title are bracketed in order to emphasize they are used in public discourses rhetorically, for political effect. When particular social situations are disputed, each side deploys moralistic claims so as to clothe their actions and viewpoint with an aura of legitimacy and to enlist popular support. But when issues are contested, similar terms can be used by opposing sides with simlar but contrary intents: one person's terrorist is another person's freedom fighter; and note that certain radical Islamist groups specifically embrace Huntington's notion of the clash of civilizations (formulated for western audiences) as grounds for their anti-western posture. Rhetorical formulae such as these are promoted or scorned, embraced or renounced, for essentially strategic reasons. In this course, we examine some notorious situations of conflict in order to identify the particular ways that disputing sides have deployed violence and moralistic forms in their own interest -- as when popular movements arise and clash with state power (e.g., the Tianamen Square incident in China) or when coalitions with radical social agendas take form and brutalize neighbors (as in Yugoslavia in the 19902; Rwanda in 1994) or when widely supported public movements develop seemingly without coordination (the 2006 demonstrations against the King of Nepal), or when movements animated by a shared ambition to establish a non-statal political entity (such as Al Qaeda for the re-institution of the caliphate) form across state boundaries with little coordinated leadership. Our emphasis will fall on the ways that human collectivities deploy cultural forms -- linguistic and rhetorical, artistic and representational -- to give particular readings to social issues and to clothe activities (often brutal) with an appearance of legitimacy.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4250 Aging in Cross-Cultural Perspective

Population aging, driven by increasing longevity and decreasing fertility, is a worldwide demographic transformation that is changing societies and social relationships at all levels, from family household interactions to national debates on policies and expenditures. This course, run in a seminar format, investigates global aging through the lenses of demography and cultural anthropology. The objectives are for students to gain an empirical understanding of current population trends and an appreciation for how the aging process differs cross-culturally. The first part of the course introduces basic concepts and theories from social gerontology, demography, and anthropology that focus on aging and provide a toolkit for investigating the phenomenon from interdisciplinary perspectives. The second part introduces students to data sets and analysis techniques that are key to documenting population aging at local, national, and global levels. The third part is devoted to reading and discussing ethnographies of aging from China, India, and elsewhere. Course assessment is based on data analysis exercises and written assignments.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, SC Arch: HUM Art: HUM EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4253 Researching Fertility, Mortality, and Migration

Students will undertake research projects centering on the most fundamental demographic processes -- fertility, mortality, and migration. The first section covers basic demographic methodology so that students understand how population data is generated and demographic statistics analyzed. Course readings will then include seminal theoretical insights by anthropologists on demographic processes. Meanwhile, students will work toward the completion of a term paper in which they are expected to undertake some original research on a topic of their choice (e.g., new reproductive technologies; cross-cultural adoption; ethnicity and migration). Each assignment in this course will be a component of the final term paper. Prerequisite: L48-3612 (Population and Society) or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, WI Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4254 The Anthropology of Maternal Death

No other commonly-recorded health indicator shows such great disparities between rich and poor nations as does maternal mortality. Over 500,000 women die each year around the world from complications of pregnancy and childbirth, but 99% of these deaths occur in impoverished, non-industrialized countries. This course will examine the reasons for this stunning discrepancy, looking at the biological, social, political, and economic factors involved in maternal death. The course will be conducted as a seminar based on detailed readings of relevant journal articles, group discussion, case studies, and class presentations. Prerequisite: Anthro 3621.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4261 Systems of Inequality

This course examines systems of inequality in a variety of world regions, including the United States, and includes analysis of their causes and effects. Economic class, gender, ethnicity and race are among the types of social stratification discussed. The course will focus on theories of stratification along with case studies, including those focusing on social capital, individual rationality, biological determinism, social construction, cultural capital and social reproduction, and economic globalization. The course will be designed to maximize student participation. This course is not open to students who have taken Anthro 3261, Inequality, Hierarchy and Difference.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: IS

ANTHRO 4262 Racialization, Engendering, and Articulation: Theories of Identity Formation

This course is an opportunity for upper level undergraduate and graduate students to explore theoretical and ethnographic texts, which focus on the social categories of race, class and gender. The purpose of this course is to interrogate our understanding of the MEANING of such human variables across time and space. As the course title implies, we will approach race, gender, and class as processes, and this requires that we focus on their historical and cultural peculiarities. This course asks students to move conceptually from the era of European colonialism and the invention of the modern conception of race to the U.S. Civil War period to the ascension of negritude as well as contemporary times. In a complementary fashion, to assert that, in fact, race, gender, and class do matter, requires students to investigate the diversity and complexity in various places, such as Brazil, Argentina, Martinique, South Africa, and the U.S.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4264 The Myth of Race

This course describes the history of the myth of race and racism from the Spanish Inquisition to modern times. Since race is not a biological term but a cultural term, it is important for students to understand the origins and connections of ideas of race and racism from its beginnings in western thought to its current usage. The historical and literature connections can be seen though out the writings and behavior of the Spanish Inquisition, to the Renaissance, though colonization and slavery, to the reconstruction, to the late nineteenth century, to the early twentieth century, to modern times. In fact, the early history of anthropology can be traced through racist history.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4270 Social and Cultural Change

Analysis of political, economic, and social transformations among societies in the developing and developed world. Examples are drawn from many societies throughout the globe.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, SC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4279 Topics in Anthropology

From streets to wifi signals, electricity grids to pipes, infrastructures surround us and shape the society we inhabit. Whether it's brushing your teeth, checking your e-mail, or taking the bus, you use infrastructures regularly. Yet people pay little attention to them-until they break down. From the inconvenience of your bus being late to the emergency of deadly power outages or floods, infrastructures are vital. This seminar is an anthropological study of infrastructure's role in governance, livelihood, sociality, & cultural meaning in urban life. By looking at different forms of and experiences with infrastructure around the world, we will discuss varying understandings of infrastructure, theorize what it does, and analyze its politics. We begin by drawing from anthropology, political theory, and science & technology studies to think about what studying infrastructure entails; thereafter, the course centers on anthropological engagements with infrastructure in the Global South to rethink what infrastructure is and does. Throughout, weekly writing exercises will hone observational, methodological, and writing skills while pushing students to think about infrastructure and daily life in new ways through experiences on campus and in St. Louis.

Credit 3 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4280 Tourism & Sustainability

This course offers an introduction to the political, cultural, and environmental effects of global tourism (with an emphasis on problematic travel trends, such as ecotourism) and sustainable development discourse. Topics include the history of tourism, tourism studies, critiques of authenticity and aesthetics, virtualism, political economy, island studies, political ecology, and critical social theory. Each student prepares a research paper or podcast on a tourism case study. Readings offer anthropological perspectives on the history of tourism; cultures of consumption; problems of authenticity and aesthetics; political economy and ecology; and the challenge of achieving sustainable tourism development across diverse natural environments. We will explore tourism as both a cause and effect of globalization (and localization movements) by tracking the consumer habits of emerging tourist markets while also considering ethnographic readings of ecotourism and the role that nostalgia plays in influencing domestic and international travel patterns. We will further consider tourism as the production and consumption of tradition, and we will tackle ethically problematic tourist sites.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, ETH, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4281 Ecological Anthropology

The focus is on aspects of human culture and its interaction with the environment. This course will consider contemporary anthropological approaches to understanding the relationship between humans and their environment. These approaches will blend theory and analysis with socio-political awareness and policy implications. Among the key topics that this course will address include climate change and adaptation, political ecology, ecological economics, environmental sustainability, conservation, and indigenous environmental knowledge, with globalization at the center of all the discussions.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4282 Political Ecology

An exploration of how the interactions between culture and environment are mediated by local, national, and global politics. Topics include overpopulation, agricultural intensification, Green Revolution, biotechnology, corporate agriculture, green movements, and organic farming. Each student prepares an in-depth research paper that may be presented to the class. Prerequisites: Graduate standing, Anth 361, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4284 Intentional Communities: Utopianism, Cooperation, and Culture Change From Essenes to Ecovillages

This class provides an overview and examination of intentional communities over the last 2,000 years and in various regions of the world. Intentional communities are groups of people who have come together to live cooperatively and communally in pursuit of their visions of a better society. We will examine intentional communities past and present, foreign and domestic through the lenses of both scholarly treatments of intentional communities and accounts written by intentional community members. We will move chronologically through time, beginning with the earliest intentional communities that scholars have identified and ending with a significant section on contemporary ecovillages and other sustainability-oriented intentional community movements. We will also use various theoretical frameworks to guide our growing understanding of intentional communities. The class is seminar format but will include short lectures, occasional videos and at least one required field trip to an intentional community in or near St. Louis. An additional ethnographic internship credit opportunity involving primary research within intentional communities in or near St. Louis will be available to anthropology majors who take the class, pending final budgetary approval.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4285 Environmental Archaeology

This course intends to introduce students to lines of evidence used in the interpretation of past landscapes, to discuss how we can conceptualize changing human ecological relations, and to consider how we can identify the influence that humans have on their environment. Special emphasis is placed on human-animal-plant relations using case studies from around the world. Combining both lecture and seminar sessions, this course aims to ensure that students are aware of several of the basic methods of bioarchaeological and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction as well as the application of these methods to the interpretation of past landscapes and human impacts on them.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4287 Anthropology of Water

This course examines one of the world's largest risks and grandest challenges: water security. By exploring water flows between cultures and landscapes, students will think critically about the challenges faced in different regions and societies of the world which can exacerbate or ameliorate issues of social justice and equity. Topics include cultural notions and values of water, technologies of water purification and conservation, big dam controversies, water as a right or water as a commodity, and how epistemologies of water can drastically impact people and ecosystems. Texts will mainly be anthropological but will also draw from history, political ecology, geography and development economics. These will underscore the importance of multiple contexts (social, religious, economic, political, cultural) to the understanding of the scale and scope of this major problem.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: HUM, SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4288 Being Human: The Food-Energy-Ecosytem-Water Nexus

This course examines a trilogy of resources that are essential to producing human life: food, water and energy. These resources are inextricably linked not only to the most common and necessary of our day-to-day activities, but impact each other in profound ways. Until recently, the study of these resources was fragmented in separate sectors, ultimately leading to lack of institutional coordination, infrastructural lock-in and incomplete modeling systems. These incomplete systems overlook the complex overlaps of natural systems and render sustainability planning more tenuous than it could be. In response, these core resources are being studied together as a nexus to enhance synergies and prevent trade-offs across sectors. However, this nexus further requires astute attention to the all too human questions of resource use, waste and justice. If water, energy and food security are to be simultaneously achieved, social scientists must be at the forefront, contributing holistic research that brings the human back into socio-natural systems.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4289 The Ecological Transition

Ecology viewed as a process of satisfying human needs and wants by technological and social instrumentalities. This course views human behavior as a force in nature and reviews the impact of resource exploitation, from hunting and farming peoples to modern industrial societies and their advanced agriculture, mining and economic development. Social significance of contemporary environmental movements and regulations is also analyzed.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4291 The Biological Basis for Human Behavior

Critical consideration of information bearing on current controversies and ideas concerning antecedents of human behavior, examined from biological and evolutionary perspectives. Lectures present comparative information on the behavior and biology of our closest relatives, the nonhuman primates. Prerequisite: 6 units of biology, psychology, or anthropology.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4311 Biocultural Perspectives on Obesity and Nutrition

From pink slime to red wine, causes-and treatments-for obesity are constantly in the headlines. With more than 35% of Americans currently obese, this is a tremendous biological and social issue in the United States. Obesity rates are also increasing globally despite billions of dollars spent on diets and public health interventions. Why is this happening and what can be done to change this? Why are humans fat and prone to obesity? How do we interpret appropriate body size? These are some of the questions we will investigate in this class, specifically looking at the important physiological functions of adipose tissue and how both biological and cultural factors shape our perceptions of body image, health, and the obesity epidemic.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4312 Environmental Interactions and Human Health

This course examines key issues related to human health through the lens of human lifestyle factors and environmental modification. Students will be asked to move beyond identifying the physical manifestations of poor health to recognizing larger evolutionary, social, and ecological factors that shape disease risk across individuals and communities. Throughout the term, we will explore how interactions between humans and their surroundings (and other organisms) have shaped disease patterns over time. We will also consider how the concepts we discuss relate to contemporary health challenges and how these perspectives can be applied to better address these issues going forward. In this course, human health is viewed as the result of biocultural processes. This course therefore uses an interdisciplinary approach, drawing on the methods, theories, and bodies of knowledge from various scientific disciplines, including evolutionary biology, genetics, parasitology, physiology, ecology, and medicine.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4314 Archaeology of St. Louis

The Archaeology of St. Louis offers a comprehensive exploration of the rich history and cultural heritage of St. Louis from an archaeological perspective. We will take a deep dive into the archaeological record of the city and its surroundings, beginning from the earliest human occupation of the land that is now St. Louis all the way up to the present. We will consult a range of archaeological, historical, and artistic sources to uncover the city's past, extending from the lifeways of St. Louis' original Indigenous inhabitants to its time as the capital of Upper Louisiana, to its role as the administrative center of Westward expansion during early American Republic, to its hey-day as one of the United States' largest and wealthiest industrial cities, before its subsequent decline and renewal. The course will examine archaeological sites, artifacts, maps, and documents that contribute to our understanding of the city's past and how its history resonates in the present. This course is primarily a reading- and discussion-focused course, with occasional lectures, guest speakers, museum visits, and fieldtrips to local archaeological and historical sites. Overall, this course aims to provide students with an appreciation for the rich layers of history, material culture, and heritage in St. Louis and a greater knowledge of its Indigenous, European, and Black cultural histories.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, SC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4321 History of Biological Anthropology

The history of biological anthropology is traced from Darwin's time to the present. Factors that influenced major theories and subfields of biological anthropology are discussed along with current directions. Topics will include race, primate and fossil hominin tool use, adaptationism, evolution of the brain, and the human-chimp split, among other issues. Prerequisites: 6 units of coursework in Biological Anthropology or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4323 Life At the Extremes

The Arctic Circle, Mount Everest, the Sahara Desert, poverty, and obesity, and even space! These are all extremes some humans experience. Using primary literature and media resources, this course will explore how humans biologically, culturally, and technologically manage environmental extremes.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4330 Archaeology of the Ancient Near East

Cultural development in greater Mesopotamia. Transformation of Paleolithic hunter-gatherers to village agriculturalists; emergence of the literate civilizations of the Bronze Age. Prerequisite: Anth 190BP or 312C, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4331 Archaic States: Mesopotamia and Egypt

Cultural development in Ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt, focusing upon the emergence of literate civilizations of the Bronze Age. Transformation of Peleolithic hunter-gatherers to village agriculturalists; emergence of the literate civilizations of the Bronze Age. Prerequisite: Anthro 190B(P), Anthro 312C, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: HUM, LCD BU: HUM EN: H

ANTHRO 4340 Behavioral Research At the St. Louis Zoo

Students conduct research at the St. Louis Zoo. Training in designing of projects and analysis and interpretation of data. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM, WI Art: NSM BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4341 Behavioral Research At the Duke University Primate Facility

Students will conduct research at the Duke University Primate Facility. Training in designing of projects and analysis and intepretation of data. A $500 fee will be charged to cover room and board in Durham, NC. Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.

Credit 5 units.

Typical periods offered: Summer

ANTHRO 4362 Local Genders, Global Transformations

This course examines the dynamic relationship between gender and other social, economic, biological, and political processes. The course compares a variety of theoretical frameworks proposed by anthropologists, as well as Foucault, Butler, Carby, Laquer, and Engels. Using ethnographic and historical materials, students will explore how shifts in communities' notions of gender, femininity, and masculinity are connected to larger forces, including shifts in the marketplace, global cultural flows, reproductive and sexual technologies, social movements, racial and ethnic hierarchies, international declarations, and HIV/AIDS and STDs. The course also considers ways in which gender studies and feminism have influenced anthropology. Prerequisite: Anthro 160B, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4364 European Societies

This course examines the anthropology of European societies, including the present concern with the European Union. We will consider ethnographies of various contemporary European societies and of the European Union iteslf, in relationship to issues including ethnic conflict, immigration, religion, nationalism, and regionalism.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4365 Sex, Gender, and Power

This seminar explores various ways anthropologists have conceptualized the intersection of sex, gender, and power in their ethnographies. Key questions revolve around the processes through which biological categories of sex become socially significant, and interact with various regimes of power such as the state, family, religion, medicine, the market, and science in everyday life. We examine how the social processes and regulatory mechanisms associated with gender and sexuality create systems of hierarchy, domination, resistance, meaning, identity, and affection. Course materials are primarily ethnographies, but will be supplemented with articles. The aim of the course is to develop students' critical reading, discussion, and writing skills. Prerequisite: Upper-level Anthro or Women and Gender Studies courses, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC, SC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4366 Europe's New Diversities

Since the late 1980s, three major upheavals have transformed European senses of identity. The demise of the Soviet Union has forced citizens of new post-socialist' nations to forge new senses of belonging and new strategies of survival. The rise of a new public presence of Islam and the growth of children of Muslim immigrants to adulthood have challenged notions that Europe is a secular or post-Christian space. Finally, the heightened authority of European institutions has challenged the nation-state from above, and the granting of new forms of subnational autonomy to regions and peoples has challenged it from below. The new Europe is increasingly constituted by way of regional identifications, transnational movement(s), and umbrella European legal and political organizations; these new realities occasion new rhetorics of secularism, nationalism, and ethnic loyalties. We examine these forms of diversity, movement, and debate by way of new works in anthropology, sociology and political science.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4367 Culture, Power, Knowledge

We often think of knowledge as universal and objective. But anthropologists have long studied ways in which knowledge varies in different cultural settings. In this course, we will ask: What is knowledge, how does it arise, and what does it do? Is there such a thing as universal validity or is knowledge always tied to specific cultural practices? What happens when knowledge travels and how does knowledge figure in relations of power? We will approach these questions through works in anthropology, philosophy, and science studies.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4390 Economic Anthropology

Production and distribution of economic goods in various societies, comparing theories from economics, sociology, and anthropology. Prerequisite: graduate standing, or Anth 160B and Anth 399BQ.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring, Summer

ANTHRO 4392 Capitalism and Culture

Capitalism is perhaps the most important historical and social phenomenon in the modern world. In tribal settings and major cities alike its complex impacts are evident. Through rich case studies of how capitalism touches down in diverse cultures, this course provides an introduction to anthropological perspectives on the economy and economic development. Themes covered include the history of capitalism and globalization, the cultural meanings of class and taste, the relationship between capitalism and popular culture, major artistic responses to capitalism, social movements such as environmentalism, and the field of international development. No background in anthropology or economics is required.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4393 The Archaeology of Trade and Exchange

Studies of trade and exchange are fundamental to our past, as cultures in contact result in new imaginings of self, communities, and place in the world. This course engages in archaeological and anthropological discussions about the interconnectedness that results from trade. This seminar concentrates on the discourse of material trade and the mechanisms for exchange, redistribution, dependency, and resistance. It also examines the immaterial exchange of ideas, perceptions, and values that alter concepts of identity, space, and time. Globalization, political economies, and power are also addressed, along with ideas about territory, value, and social and political consequences of trade.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4394 The Connected World: Social Networks in Anthropology

This course will serve two purposes. The first is to introduce students, via a broad interdisciplinary survey, to applications of social network perspectives and methods in the social sciences, especially anthropology. We will accomplish this via case studies each week that are organized by topic. Throughout the course, students will be introduced to network research across all four subdisciplines of anthropology, including the sociocultural, biological (including primatology and medical anthropology), archaeological, and linguistic subfields as well as the emerging fifth subfield of applied anthropology. The second purpose of this course is to expose students to the tools necessary to conduct network research, including collecting relational data, visualizing and analyzing networks, and interpreting the results of network analyses. This exposure will come from weekly demonstrations of relevant software and analyses by the instructor, with each week covering the most popularly employed tools for analyzing social networks.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA, IS EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4423 Advanced Seminar in Medicine and Society: Patients, Politics, Policy

This course is designed to build on foundations provided in the First-Year Medicine and Society Seminar. It will interrogate current health-related issues, including gender, sexuality, politics, policy, and economics, and it will also explore how these and many other issues, demographics, and so on impact current health- and healing-related decisions and policies. We will read about and unpack contemporary issues in health care (insurance, big pharma, gender and sexuality, race) and have local experts visit to talk about their practical experience with and in health care. Students will be expected to engage with ethnographic, medical, economic, political and sociological material as well as current journalism to interrogate the topic. Prerequisites: Anthro L48 141 and Anthro L48 142.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4442 Culture and Romantic Love

This course delves into the emotional domain of intimate relations to explore romantic love from a cross-cultural perspective. It attempts to address the following questions: What is the nature of romantic love? Is romantic love universal? How do specific cultural practices shape intimate relations? Is romantic love the product of modernization? How is romantic love expressed cross-culturally? Are love and money necessarily opposed? How have the romance industries reshaped romantic experiences? How has gender, racial, and ethnic stratification created unequal experiences of intimate relations? Why does love fail? And finally, how is romantic love expressed, experienced, and imagined in the age of transnationalism and new technologies?

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4451 Research Methods in Anthropology

As a critical examination of the nature of evidence and explanation within anthropology, this course provides an introduction to a broad range of methods essential for collecting ethnographic data in a systematic manner. Interviewing skills are developed as a basis for using methodologies such as life histories, free listing, pile sorting, rank ordering, social mapping, and decision tree modeling. Issues of qualitative data analysis are discussed in conjunction with software packages designed for organizing ethnographic information. This course is intended for graduate students only. Undergraduates may be enrolled with permission of the instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4452 In the Field: Ethnographic and Qualitative Methods

This course provides an introduction to ethnographic and qualitative research. Ethnography is the study of culture and social organization primarily through participant observation and interviewing. Ethnographic research provides descriptive and interpretative analyses of the routine practices of everyday life. Ethnographic accounts represent different ways people live and make sense of their experiences; they describe the types of social organization (e.g., gender relations, class systems, racial divisions, cultural contexts) that, in part, serve to structure or pattern social behavior. Students conduct a small-scale qualitative research project; in the process, they gain skills in various qualitative research methods. This course is suitable for both undergraduate and graduate students. One purpose of the course is to help students plan for subsequent thesis research, independent study projects, or dissertation research.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4454 Cultures of Science and Technology

This seminar explores questions of theory, method, and ethics in the anthropology of science and technology. How is biomedicine changing what it is to be human? How can technologies and scientific practices be studied ethnographically? How are the politics of difference linked to the production of scientific knowledge? Through close reading of ethnographic texts and fieldwork experience both on-and off-line, we will investigate how scientific practice and technologcal innovation reorganize various aspects of human life on both global and local scales. Topics include the social construction of knowledge, the reproduction of racial categories in genomics, the cultures of cyberspace, the commidification of bodies in medical science, and the ways in which various technoscientific projects reshape natural and political orders in diverse locales.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC, WI Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4455 Ethnographic Fieldwork: The Politics of Schooling

This is a practice-based course in ethnographic fieldwork. Using a local case study (the cultural politics of schooling), we examine ethnographic fieldwork as an academic instrument and public social action. The course prepares students for independent research in academic or professional fields developing skills in critical thought, thesis and question development, background and internet research, perspective and empathy, social and political-economic analysis, observation, interviewing, oral histories, note-taking, data analysis, cultural interpretation, and writing. Student work will contribute to the ongoing St. Louis Schools' Ethnographic Documentation Project.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: CPSC, SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4456 Ethnographic Fieldwork: Energy Politics

This is a practice-based course in ethnographic fieldwork that will focus on the politics of fossil fuels and the renewable energy transition in St. Louis and Missouri. We will situate ourselves as anthropologists with an interest in understanding relationships between global warming, the socio-technical arrangements of energy production, circulation, and use in the city and region, public knowledge, health, and social and cultural practices, and the roles and activities of businesses, political institutions, and elected officials. Through case studies we will work to produce critical knowledge aimed at pushing institutions, the city, and the region toward the transition to renewable energy. Our efforts will produce empirical documentation, case studies, and proposals and may include field trips to resource extraction sites and government offices

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4457 I'm NOT a Robot: The Contemporary Politics of Man and Machine

Our lives today are full of smart machines that appear to deliberate, make judgements, and interact socially. Yet unlike humans, they are bound to their programming, unable to improvise, feel, or ethically value- what one pioneering computer scientist called the imperialism of instrumental reason. What role does this rigid computer reason play in real-life projects of imperialism, of racial and class domination, and other forms of social inequality? How does it work with or against existing power structures? We will examine a variety of human-computer encounters across military and government, law and policing, science and medicine, and media and entertainment. Course materials will include ethnographies of computer science and robotics, readings about the history and philosophy of computing, as well as news articles and films related to pop culture and current events.

Credit 3 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring, Summer

ANTHRO 4464 Religion, Law, and Pluralism

Comparative study of religious and legal pluralism in U.S., Europe and Asia; how laws define or shape cultural and religious differences; theories of pluralism. Prerequisite: Previous work in social sciences or law, or instructor's permission.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4466 Religion and Media

Instead of fading away in a process of modernization, religious traditions remain crucially important in the contemporary world. One key reason for this is the convergence of such traditions with modern systems of mass media. Based on an introduction to anthropological approaches to mass media, this class comparatively examines how modern mass media have become part of religious practice in diverse settings. Special attention will be paid to how the intersection of modern mass mediation and religious traditions shape collective identities and political processes.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4470 Contemporary Issues in Cultural Anthropology

A familiar topic of the modern age, the threatening prospect of a world-wide catastrophe ahead, has become a large and elaborate discussion of the true nature of the contemporary world. Many works have, using various arguments, pointed to the potential collapse of the world as we know it. This course seeks to identify, as best we can, the empirical dangers to the world as it is but also critically examine the arguments that describe the world condition. Our project requires that we confront a fundamental conceptual issue in the study of the human condition: how to distinguish the reality of the world as it is from the rhetorical devices by which it is conceptually grasped.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4471 Artifact Analysis

Introduction to the analytical methods used on archaeological materials; emphasis on lithics and ceramics. Students apply methods to individual research projects. May be taken with Anth 390. Prerequisite: Anth 190BP, 310CQ, 312C, 314BQ, or 390, or permission of instructor. Three class hours plus laboratory time for individual subject.

Credit 3 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4480 Anthropology and Creative Writing

Creative writing has much to offer anthropology. This course explores how methods of artistic writing and expression can shape stories and studies of cultural life in the global world. We consider the uses of journalism, fiction, memoir, poetry, and cinema in anthropology's understanding of the richness, the deep emotional tone, and also the dangers of human experience. We look at such issues and themes as the ordinary life and everydayness, coming of age and fitting in, the feeling of being at home and senses of place, narratives of illness and affliction, how people cope with trauma and violence, what makes our bodies powerful or vulnerable, and why things really matter. Although students are actively involved in writing stories, this is not a writing intensive course.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4481 Writing Culture

Different ways of writing about people, culture, and society in past and present times. Readings include anthropological works as well as works of fiction that represent people and the times, places, and circumstances in which they live. Students conduct and write about their own ethnographical observations.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, WI Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4483 Narrating the Self

A major chunk of the data gathered during ethnographic research projects typically consists of stories told by our interlocutors in the field -- our informants. In everyday usage, stories are usually taken to be extended, heavily plotted, and artfully delivered narratives. In this course, we take a broader, more inclusive approach to storytelling that encompasses everything people tell, in many different narrative formats, about themselves and the world they inhabit. Such stories are of immense value to us; through narrative, people give shape to and make sense of their lives and tell us where they position themselves in the moral order. Furthermore, in and through storytelling, people structure, comment on, and assert agency over their lived experiences and, by doing so, construct a self. The subject of much debate in philosophy, psychology, and the social sciences, the notion of the self is still upheld by many, although currently it often emphasizes the fragmented, locally constructed, and culture-specific nature of the self. One of the concerns in this course, therefore, will be to assess the theoretical value of the notion of the self in narrative analysis and in anthropology as a whole. More generally, this course explores the (micro-)politics of storytelling to understand how storytelling works as the interface between the self and society as well as between the subject and social structure. Issues of agency and structure will often take center stage, and we will see that the form and content of narratives, cultural norms and values, and power relations are mutually constitutive.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: HUM BU: BA, HUM EN: H

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4492 Anthropology of Nationalism

This class offers an overview of approaches to the study of nationalism from an anthropological perspective. Departing from a discussion of various mainstream theories of nationalism, the course will then critically engage these approaches through confronting them with recent anthropological readings and case studies dealing with this crucial contemporary phenomenon. A main focus will be a reconsideration of the linkages between language and the spread of nationalism.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4493 Diasporas and Transnationalism

This class provides an introduction to the study of modern diasporas and the transnational processes in which they are situated from an anthropological perspective. The ethnographic emphasis will be on South Asian diasporas, but the readings will also involve other examples. Topics will include the changing historical conditions and processes responsible for the creation of contemporary diasporas, the issue of identity formation among diasporic populations as well as the question of how diasporic communities challenge as well as contribute to our understanding of culture, nationalism, and globalization.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4500 Economic Development: An Interdisciplinary Approach

This course examines economic development from a multi-disciplinary perspective. Economic historians often ask exactly the same questions concerning economic growth that development experts in anthropology address in the modern world. In a non-technical, jargon-free manner, this course will draw together the insights of diverse disciplines as they bear on questions and controversies surrounding economic growth. Prerequisite: Economics 103 or Anthropology 399

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC BU: BA

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4502 Decolonizing Anthropology

Through books like Linda Tuhiwai Smith's book Decolonizing Methodology, tribal IRB's, and open letters, Indigenous people and tribal governments make clear how they want scientists to conduct research with their communities. How does anthropology reckon with its past ties with colonialism? How do we responsibly use scholarship from the past while working toward decolonization and anti-racism? This class will compare work by Indigenous people and people of color calling for decolonization and anti-racism, studies done using decolonizing methodologies, and widely read works of anthropology throughout the discipline's history. For example, we will read an excerpt from an anthropology textbook assigned at WashU in 2000 about an Eskimo and compare it to Native Alaskan scholar Heather Gordon's participatory research with Native Alaskans. During the last part of the class, we will learn about the roots of global inequality to highlight the structural conditions.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4513 Contemporary Issues in the Developing World

The idea of development has powerfully shaped the global scene over the last half century. It invokes a world in which certain areas are understood as models of progress, while others are deemed to have stagnated or fallen behind. How has this geography of uneven distribution and unequal resources come into existence? What are the assumptions that have made it possible? What does it actually mean in practice to be third world, underdeveloped, less developed, or developing? This course will engage these questions from a variety of perspectives, ranging from travel narratives and novels to film and social theory.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4516 The NGO and Civil Society

This course examines the current global resurgence of interest in civil society, a phenomenon that is widely associated with the fall of the Soviet Union. In this context, civil society is loosely defined as a melange of voluntary associations that provide a buffer between citizen and state. Such associations are popularly known as NGOs (Non-Government Organizations). In international development circles, NGOs are seen as a necessary ingredient to both democracy and economic progress. In this course we will trace the history of civil society (especially its role in colonialism), review the current development and academic debates on civil society, and examine the real life practice of NGOs in the developing world. Prerequisite: L48-399BQ, graduate level standing, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4517 Anthropology and Development

What is 'development'? Economic progress for all? A slow and gradual 'improvement' in the human condition? Helping people with 'projects'? Westernization? Modernization? The sorting out of bodies that are useful and can be put to work from those less useful bodies that must be contained, imprisoned, or killed? The militarized accumulation of capital? The commodification of labor? The exhaustion of nature? In this advanced seminar we will consider how anthropologists - as writers, analysts, and theorists - have engaged the theories, meanings, practices, and consequences of (sometimes externally directed) economic and political change. We focus on issues of the contemporary moment: oil; urban poverty and inequality (sex work, migration, water, debt, and cash transfer programs); and cultures of militarism. The course is designed to provide a graduate-level introduction to theory and ethnography based on intensive reading, discussion, critique, and writing, with revision. It is open to advanced undergraduates and fulfills writing-intensive (WI) requirements, as well as capstone requirements for some majors.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, SC, WI Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4518 Poststructural and Postcolonial Thought

Poststructural and postcolonial theories have been crucial to contemporary trajectories in the social sciences and literary criticism. This course will examine some of the central themes of poststructural and postcolonial thought, such as representation, power, agency, resistance, subject formation, and cultural translation, and their roles in anthropology and history. We will read key theorists such as Foucault, Gramsci, de Certeau, Said, and Spivak alongside contemporary anthropologists and historians who critically engage these writers.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4519 The Moral Imagination in Social Practice

Everything humans do is framed by assumptions about what is real, important, enduring, etc., assumptions that are already implicit in the language they use. When they assess situations, establish priorities, interpret social settings, identify the significance of their affairs, or conceive of a meaningful past, they employ such assumptions. Sometimes they do so consciously, but often they make these assumptions unthinkingly, uncritically. In this course, we will read recent works -- journal articles as well as monographs -- on the imaginative worlds of people in various social settings, to consider how these worlds are constituted and how they are reiterated and reinforced in social practice. We will also refer back to the classic works in socio-cultural anthropology to remind ourselves of the various ways of approaching the comparative study of social practices. Prerequisite: Junior standing, two social science courses, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4522 Applied Anthropology

This course explores the field of applied anthropology and its approach to understanding human social problems. The focus is on the qualitative and quantitative information applied anthropologists use to study practical human social problems. We will examine the four important factors that influence the practical application of theories and methods to social problems: (1) the specific challenges faced by individuals with particular social identities; (2) the coping strategies developed by local groups and the sustainability of their efforts; (3) the interests and objectives of key actors involved; and (4) the goals, identities, and ethics of researchers. Taking a comparative perspective, the course employs an ethnographic, historical, and geographic approach to understand local problems within global contexts. Students will engage in research projects applying anthropological concepts and methods, thereby scrutinizing the contexts in which information is collected, analyzed, disseminated, and utilized by applied anthropologists.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4555 Digital Digging: An Introduction to Archaeological Geophysics

In this class we will be exploring the history, technology, and application of geophysics in archaeology. In doing so, students will be provided with the opportunity to gain hands-on experience collecting, processing, visualizing and interpreting data from a variety of instruments that include ground-penetrating radar (GPR), magnetometry, electromagnetic induction (conductivity), and magnetic susceptibility. Prerequisites: Anthropology 190B

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4561 Ceramic Analysis

Methods, techniques, and models for analyzing archaeological ceramics. Students will learn how ceramic artifacts are used by archaeologists to reconstruct social practices in the past, including economics, politics, religion/ritual, migration, social organization, etc. Students will be trained in both qualitative and quantitative methods of analyzing ceramics and ceramic assemblages. While these methods are applicable to the archaeology of societies across the world, students will specifically conduct hands-on analyses of archaeological collections from the St. Louis/Midwestern U.S. region. Prerequisite: at least one archaeology course, graduate standing, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4562 Artifact Analysis: Mississippian Cultures

The purpose of this course is to provide students with an introductory, hands-on experience of the methods employed in the analysis of archaeological materials common to the Mississippian culture. Students will conduct class projects based on collections from Cahokia Mounds and the St. Louis region. Prerequisite: Anthro 314 or equivalent, or graduate standing, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4563 Archaeological Conservation, Curation, and Collections Management: Method and Theory

This course will provide information on archaeological curation and collections management method and theory, and will introduce students to the basic principles of archaeological conservation in the field and lab environments. The multiple processes affecting study and preservation of archaeological remains and associated records will be thoroughly reviewed. Students will become equipped with necessary and practical tools to allocate resources for archaeological conservation in the field and lab, and to provide for and comply with state and federal standards for curation of archaeological resources.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4564 Archaeobotanical Analysis

Advanced laboratory and analytical techniques. Prerequisite: Anthro 4211 or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4565 Biomolecular Archaeology: Are You What You Eat?

A revolution is underway in archaeology. Working at the cutting edge of isotopic and genetic technologies, researchers have been probing the building blocks of ancient proteins, life-DNA, fats and microfossils - to rewrite our understanding of the past. Their discoveries and analyses have helped revise the human genealogical tree and answer such questions as: Are you what you eat? How different are we from the Neanderthals? Who first domesticated plants and animals? What was life like for our ancestors? In this class, we will address those fundamental issues to understanding human nature. Here is science at its most engaging.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4571 Monographs in Social and Cultural Anthropology

Focus on the major ethnographical works as they reflect changing issues and contexts. Classic as well as recent ethnographs; seminal theoretical works that shaped the ethnographical tradition. Prerequisite: 3 advanced units in anthropology, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4580 Craniofacial Biology

Growth, morphology, and function of craniofacial structures in primates. Emphasis on biological background of current research problems concerning variation among living primates and the evolution of primates. Topics include the biomechanics of mastication; relationship between dental histology and life history; and relative effects of size, function, and phylogeny on variation. Prerequisite: Anth 150A and one additional course in physical anthropology.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4581 Principles of Human Anatomy and Development

This course will discuss the anatomy of most of the functional systems of the human body. Topics covered will include the peripheral nervous system, respiration, circulation, the skeletal system, the gastro-intestinal tract, the urogenital system, the male and female reproductive systems, locomotion, manipulation, mastication, vocalization, the visual system, the auditory system and the olfactory system. Selected topics in human embryology will also be introduced. The course provides valuable preparation for any student interested in human biology, anthropology, medicine or the health sciences.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM BU: SCI

Typical periods offered: Fall, Summer

ANTHRO 4582 Human Life History Theory

Life history theory postulates that organisms must allocate finite time and finite resources between growth, maintenance, and reproductive effort. This balance will necessitate trade-offs in specific traits related to body size and energy allocation between competing functions across the life of the organism. In this class, we will start from this broad theory and look at the specific application of life history theory within anthropology. Humans, in particular, present unique and unusual life history characteristics, which we will discuss in depth.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4590 Human Osteology

Analysis of skeletal material recovered in human paleontological and archaeological excavations. The development of bone and major diseases that affect skeletal structure. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4591 Human Functional Morphology

A detailed consideration of the functional correlates of muscle-skeletal form in recent and ancient humans and our close primate relatives, as a means for understanding the behaviors responsible for driving the evolution of human anatomy. Emphasis is placed on the structure and development of bones, joints and teeth, the soft tissues which impinge upon individual bones, and the biomechanical demands affecting bone and joint structures.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4592 Geometric Morphometrics

This course focuses on the collection, visualization, analysis and presentation of morphometric data in physical anthropology, emphasizing recently developed techniques for studying size and shape. Explores theoretical and practical aspects of landmark-based techniques such as Procrustes superimposition, Euclidean Distance Matrix Analysis, Finite Element Scaling Analysis, and thin-plate splines; outline techniques such as Fourier Analysis and semi--landmarks; and multivariate statistics with geometric morphometric applications, such as principal coordinates and discriminant analyses. A practical lab component covers the use of available geometric morphometric software for addressing biomechanical and physical anthropolgical questions.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4593 The Living Machine: Biomechanics in Terrestrial Animals

A survey of how animals -- particularly humans and other primates -- interact with their physical world. How do terrestrial animals move, see, breathe, and hear? We will examine the anatomy and mechanics involved in these and other behaviors, and will investigate their evolution. Prerequisite: Anthro 150A or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4594 Experimental Methods in Animal Biomechanics

The first portion of this lab-based course will cover basic concepts in biomechanics and training in the equipment and non-invasive experimental techniques used to investigate locomotion, energetics, and other biomechanics questions in terrestrial animals, including humans. In the second portion, students conduct their own research projects, developing questions and hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data, and using results to test predictions. Prerequisite: Anthro 4593 or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4595 Developmental Plasticity and Human Health

A look at how early life - gestation plus infancy and childhood - contributes to the establishment of long-term physiology, variation, and individual health from an anthropological perspective. The course will include current disease models of developmental origins, combined with evolutionary and adaptive perspectives on developmental plasticity and the construction of human health.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4597 The Archaeology of Life and Death

The study of human remains in archaeological contexts offers us a rich perspective on human life and society in the past. Our bodies are shaped by genetics, environmental factors, subsistence, disease, and physical activities over the life course. At the same time, social organization, inequality, and ideologies also shape the human experience; they often become reflected in the built environments of tombs and cemeteries, the grave offerings, and interment styles that surround human remains in archaeological contexts. This course offers an introduction to bioarchaeology and mortuary archaeology as complementary approaches to the study of life in the past. The goal of the course is to understand how activities, norms and beliefs, and environments shaped bodies in life and death, and the different ways in which archaeologists can gain insight into the past through the study of human remains and burials. Course lectures and discussions focus on recent advances in research and ongoing debates in the two fields with examples from prehistory and history around the world, from North and South America, to Europe, Asia and Africa. Although this course will provide a basic overview of human skeletal anatomy, it is strongly recommended that students have taken an introductory course on the subject prior to enrolling in the class.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4598 Biomarkers: Measuring Population Health, Reproductive, and Social Endocrinology

How do we study contemporary human biology and population level health? How do we investigate individual differences in health within a larger population? In this course, we will specifically address these questions by looking at how anthropologists, nutritionists, and public health workers investigate individual and population level health. This will be done through the study of biomarkers collected from individuals. In this class, we will discuss the theory behind the use of biomarkers, the underlying biology and physiology of the human body reflected in these data, and the methods used in collection and analyses of biomarkers. Finally, we will discuss how biomarkers can be integrated into studies of population and individual level health.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4622 Anthropological Demography: Theories, Methods, and Applications

Anthropological Demography is an interdisciplinary endeavor that developed in response to the need to incorporate cultural context into the analysis of population data. The course introduces some fundamental demographic concepts (e.g., vital rates, natural fertility, and demographic transition theory) and provides students with the foundations for demographic literacy through an exploration of basic quantitative methods and means of presentation. The course then deals with an anthropological critique of demographic assumptions, then shifts to a demographic critique on the applicability of anthropological knowledge. The final and most substantial part of the course will be devoted to an intensive reading of seminal works in the field.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4623 Art and Science of Inferential Statistics

This course examines the historical roots, the scholarly development, and the current applications of inferential statistics in a research context. The emphasis is on how social and natural variables are distributed, framing testable research questions, and choosing appropriate statistical tests. This course will cover the testing of univariate, bivariate and multivariate hypotheses using parametric, non-parametric, and re-sampling methods. Requires students to undertake statistical analyses of their own on real data sets. Familiarity with descriptive statistics is assumed. Designed for graduate students and advanced undergraduates. Permission of instructor is required for undergraduate enrollment.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC, AN Art: NSM EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4655 New Advances in Archaeology

Archaeological research is moving at an increasingly rapid pace, with advances in archaeological methods and theory propelling new interpretations and understandings of archaeological findings. This course we will focus on contemporary developments in archaeology, with an emphasis on current trends in theory, method, and discovery. The objectives of the course are to place emerging trends in archaeological research in a historical context, to understand new methods, and to explore how various theoretical approaches influence the conduct of archaeological research around the globe.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4661 Historical Archaeology

This course focuses upon the methods and techniques employed in historical archaeology. We will include method of integration of written records through contextual studies, discussion of specific artifact type identification techniques, and seminar type treatments of other aspects of the field. The class will include some hands-on lab work, working primarily with materials from the first American fort west of the Mississippi (Fort Belle Fontaine) and two Civil War period mansions. Prerequisite: 3 credits of archaeology or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: HUM, LCD, WI Art: HUM BU: HUM

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4682 Ethnoarchaeology

Ethnoarchaeologists use studies of aspects of the present to strengthen archaeological interpretation. Since archaeologists don't usually study words, we need to understand relations between human actions and the material record. In this class we will explore ethnoarchaeological studies of a wide range of topics from how things are made, to what they mean, or how we might think differently about the past. Student presentations, class reading, and discussion will examine topics that might include whether reindeer herders think of their animals as domestic or wild, how Australian Aboriginal peoples have or have not used dingoes for hunting, the role of feasts in society or how to make and find beer, ceramics, stone tools, beads or smelt iron. Ways that decoration and construction of pots signify ethnic boundaries or what a mother-in-law teaches a new bride have seen famous ethnoarchaeological studies. We can discuss any aspect of archaeology and will pick topics that fit your interests and the questions that you would like to pursue in your papers and presentations. There are no prerequisites for this class.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: HUM, LCD Arch: HUM Art: HUM BU: HUM EN: H

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4690 The Work and Ideas of Great Anthropologists

A survey of major theories and paradigms in anthropology; emphasis is on approaches taken by sociocultural anthropologists in analyzing and explaining features of societies and cultures, including evolutionary theories, comparative methods, interpretive approaches and ecological accounts. Required of all majors. Students considering a junior year abroad should enroll sophomore year.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4710 Issues in Social and Cultural Anthropology

Analysis of major theoretical issues in the comparative study of societies and cultures, emphasizing works in anthropology. Includes discussion of theories of personality, economic change, social structure, history, ideology, and power. Prerequisite: Anth 470 or another course in social theory, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4740 National Narratives and Collective Memory

This course examines how national narratives shape the ideas of nation-states about themselves and others. It considers cultural, psychological, and political aspects of narratives used to interpret the past and understand the present. In addition to reviewing conceptual foundations from the humanities and social sciences, particular national narratives are considered as case studies.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4751 Cultural Resource Management and Contract Archaeology

Topics covered will include discussing the impact of the new Native American Grave Protection and Repatriation Act regulations, developing a proposal or contract, problems of compliance, and other practical matters of contract archaeology. Class will execute and complete a small CRM archaeological project as 'hands-on' training. Prerequisites: Anthro 314BP or equivalent, or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4761 The Pleistocene Peopling of Eurasia

The paleolithic archaeology, human paleobiology, and paleoecology of the geographical expansions and adaptations of Eurasian humans through the Pleistocene. Prerequisite: Anthro 150A or 190B.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4762 The Neandertal Legacy

A detailed consideration of the Middle and Late Pleistocene patterns of human biological evolution relating to the origins and evolution of late archaic humans (including the Neandertals) and the emergence of modern humans. Prerequisite: Anthro 367 or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM, WI Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4770 African Prehistory

Pathways to food production in Africa: Late hunter-gatherers and early pastoralists, their interactions and intersections with complex societies of the Nile. A survey designed for juniors and seniors in a seminar setting.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4771 Out of the Wild: Domestication and Socioeconomic Diversity in Africa

The reason for the beginnings and spread of food production during the early Holocene in so many parts of the world is one of the most interesting questions in archaeology. It now seems likely that there are many different pathways to domestication. In Africa, there is a record of up to several million years of human existence as hunter-gatherers before some human populations adopted food production. Domestication of plants and animals about 10,000 years ago resulted in fundamental changes in human societies. It provided the basis for the increase in settlement densities, specialization and social stratification, and general decrease in mobility and dietary diversity, characteristic of non-hunter-gatherer societies in the modern world. In this seminar, the class will explore the phenomenon of domestication, and the spread of food production, surveying the evidence for manipulation and domestication of plant and animal species by prehistoric peoples in Africa. We will focus on how and why domestication occurred, and factors that influenced its spread, and interactions between late hunter-gatherers and early pastoralists, and intersections with complex societies of the Nile. We will also look at the contributions of Africa to understanding pathways to food production world wide.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC, WI Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4772 Social Theory and Anthropology

A seminar on social theory and its ethnographic implications. Course combines major works of modern social theory, including Marx, Weber, and Durkheim, with current work by contemporary anthropologists, such as Clifford Geertz, Eric Wolf, Marshall Sahlins, and Fredrik Barth, and ethnographers from related disciplines, such as Pierre Bourdieu and Paul Willis. Prerequisite: Previous anthropology coursework or permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC, SC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4792 The Many Paths Leading Toward the Creation of the Ancient City

The purpose of this class is to examine the emergence of the Ancient City across the globe. We want to begin with the concepts of urbanism, city, and metropolis. These are words whose derivation are to be found in the classical languages of the Mediterranean. Is there any means to reach an understanding of how other civilizations and societies characterized these special places on the landscape? In the past many scholars have argued that market economies and state level societies are essential to their existence. Such arguments reflect issues of sustainability in terms of the economy and the effective control of large populations through state level institutions. While we want to understand the role of the economy and the level(s) of political integration involved in the process of urbanism, are there other cultural institutions such as religion that play a much larger and more significant role? Do these places reflect the citizens perception of the cosmos?

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4793 Archaeological Study of Social Complexity

A hallmark of anthropological theory is the idea that human societies evolve toward greater complexity or higher levels of organization through time. Yet accurately defining complexity or organization is such a difficult and frustrating undertaking that many people give up and fall back on an intuitive understanding, similar to Supreme Court Justice Potter Stewart's famous definition of pornography: I know it when I see it. But what exactly does it mean to be socially complex? How does complexity in human societies emerge and how is it perpetuated? How can we infer social complexity from the archaeological record? In this seminar we will examine theoretical and methodological aspects of social complexity as investigated by archaeologists. By means of case studies drawn from around the globe and ranging from the earliest humans to the recent past, we will seek to define, describe, and understand the concept of social complexity and its manifestations in diverse societies at different times.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4802 Theories and Practice of Landscape Archaeology

The study of landscapes as a particular framework for understanding the archaeological record has become increasingly widespread in the discipline today. Yet the theoretical background for defining landscapes is commonly disconnected with the actual practical application of landscape archaeology. What exactly do we mean by landscape archaeology, what is its utility, and how do contemporary methods of analysis and interpretation change the way we consider archaeology through this conceptual paradigm? This course will explore the theoretical basis and current archaeological approaches to landscape and address its distinction to, and overlap with, other prevalent concepts such as environment, ecology, place, and space. The course will also place focus on concrete methodological and practical approaches that differentiate Landscape Archaeology from other approaches -- as well as illustrate their points of convergence.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4803 Advanced GIS Modeling and Landscape Analysis

The aim of this course is to learn to analyze archaeological data in terms of its spatial layout, geography, ecology, and temporal dynamics, using Geographic Information Systems and associated computer modeling techniques. A focus is placed on the relationship between natural environments, cultural geography, and the mapping of archaeological landscapes, and on the archaeologist's ability to accurately recover, reconstruct, and analyze this relationship in a virtual environment.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4810 Zooarchaeology

Archaeologists use ancient objects or material culture to study all of the human past, in its length and diversity. To do this, we have to reconstruct human actions from the things people made and used and the impacts that they had on the environment. Since the 1960's archaeologists have turned in an increasingly systematic way to aspects of the way people relate to material culture in the present, as sources for analogies for interpreting aspects of the past. Ethnographic field studies designed with archaeological problems in mind have become more common, and have contributed substantially to archaeological interpretation. Questions such as how archaeological sites form, and interpretation of changing human diets, human adaptations to challenging environments, how people domesticated plants and animals, the nature of human foodways, gender roles, the spread of food production or ritual and burial practices have all been informed by ethnoarchaeological studies We will look at ethnoarcheological approaches to the interpretation of many different categories of archeological data including: lithics, ceramics, house structures, and rock art and discuss a wide variety of archaeological topics to which ethnoarchaeological approaches have been applied. The areas that we focus on will depend on the topics in which the class is most interested.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM Art: NSM

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4834 Health, Healing, and Ethics: Comparative Perspectives on Sickness and Society

A cross-cultural exploration of cultures and social organizations of medical systems, the global exportation of biomedicine, and ethical dilemmas associated with medical technologies and global disparities in health.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4881 Medicine and Anthropology

Explores the fundamental relationship of anthropology to the art and science of medicine. Emphasis on impact of anthropology on current modes of biomedical research; alternative systems of health and healing; role of anthropologist in biomedicine and public health; critical medical anthropology; anthropology and epidemiology. Prerequisite: Junior standing.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4882 Anthropology and Public Health

Anthropological approaches to public health practice and research; role of anthropology in public health systems; cross-cultural public health research; community vs. institutional bases of public health advocacy.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC BU: ETH EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4883 The Political Economy of Health

This course reviews social science contributions to understanding health as a function of political and economies influences. Considers the ways in which personal health is affected by macrosocial processes. Examines effects of globization, international development and political instability on the health of individuals. Examples drawn from the U.S. and international contexts. Prerequisite: Junior standing or above.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC BU: BA EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4892 Hunter-Gatherer Socioeconomic Variation

This class will explore the nature and extent of variation in hunter-gatherer socio-economic systems as documented in the literature on recent hunter-gatherers, and in the archaeological record of the last 20,000 years. We will discuss Woodburn's concept of delayed return hunter-gatherers, Testart's writing on hunter-gatherer socio-economic organization, and archaeological concepts of simple and complex hunter-gatherers. We will examine case studies of both delayed and immediate return hunter-gatherers from the Americas, Asia, Africa, and Australia, and emphasize understanding underlying reasons for differences between groups, and implications of differences for patterns of cultural change, including the adoption of food production.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: LCD, SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4893 Pastoral Nomads of the Past

The archaeology of nomadic herders or pastoralists of Africa, Asia, and South America is the focus of this seminar. Cattle herders of Africa, horse and camel-based nomads of Asia, and llama herders of the Andes, are famous for their mobility, effective use of arid and mountainous lands, and distinctive and varied social organization and material culture. Nomads are known in many regions for long distance trade, warfare, and as agents of widespread political and religious change. We will examine issues such as the ecological background to mobility, nomads as early food producers, the environmental impact of nomadic societies, nomads and resilience, factors that pattern settlement structure and material culture of nomads, rock art, archaeological recovery, ancient nomadic states, and gender issues in recent pastoral societies.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4898 Seminar: Pathways to Domestication

Survey of the evidence of the domestication of plants and animals, focusing on processes leading to domestication, and on the recognition of pristine features of domestication in the archaeological record. Prerequisite: one 300- or 400-level course in archaeology.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC Art: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4899 Seminar: Pathways to Domestication

The origins of agriculture led to one of the most important transitions in human history, continuing to fascinate anthropologists and all who depend on farmers for food. We examine evidence for the development and spread of settled and mobile farming systems in diverse regions of the world. We discuss old and new theoretical approaches and apply increasingly sophisticated methods for recovering and interpreting the evidence. Recent research puts us in a better position than ever before to understand the preconditions, processes, and possibly the causes of domestication and the spread of food production. This course is the WI version of L48 489 Seminar: Pathways to Domestication.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC, WI EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4911 Methods in Molecular Anthropology

We will learn techniques used in molecular genetics and their application to studying the evolution and adaptation of human and non-human primates. This course will cover DNA extraction from biological materials (e.g. buccal cells from cheek swabs, potentially also fecal samples from the primates at the zoo), primer design and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify a region of interest (student lead, with guidance) from isolated DNA. Use of gel electrophoresis to visualize and purify PCR products and sequencing reactions to view nucleic acid structure will also be conducted. Finally, will also have a lecture on introductory bioinformatics. Throughout the course, we will discuss the mechanisms underlying these techniques, why they work and how to trouble-shoot problems. Students will be expected to submit lab reports and to engage in peer review of others' lab reports. Finally we will discuss how molecular methods inform anthropological research. Students will be also expected to take on-line safety training modules through EH&S.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4952 Senior Honors Research

Limited to students who have qualified for the Anthropology honors program, and who are conducting research for an honors thesis. Prerequisite: permission of the Anthropology faculty member supervising the honors research, and concurrent filing of notification with the Anthropology senior honors coordinator.

Credit 3 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4960 Senior Honors Research

This course is limited to students who have qualified for the Anthropology honors program and who are conducting research for an honors thesis. Prerequisites: Permission of the Anthropology faculty member supervising the honors research and concurrent filing of notification with the Anthropology senior honors coordinator.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: WI

Typical periods offered: Fall

ANTHRO 4961 Senior Honors Thesis

Limited to students who have qualified for the Anthropology honors program, and who are actively engaged in writing a senior honors thesis. Prerequisite: permission of the Anthropology senior honors coordinator.

Credit 3 units.

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4986 Original Research in Environmental Anthropology

In this course, we will focus our ethnographic lens on environmental issues in Saint Louis. Through readings and original research, this advanced course in anthropology closely engages discussion and debates about methods, ethics and representation in qualitative environmental studies. Students will identify and undertake qualitative, ethnographic research regarding a local environmental issue. The central goal of this class is to provide a forum for students to grapple with the practical and ethical considerations of anthropological research. The class will be segmented into the following three units: ethics in research, data gathering and analysis, and continuing conversations

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4987 Original Research in Environmental Anthropology

In this course, we will focus our ethnographic lens on environmental issues in Saint Louis. Through readings and original research, this advanced course in anthropology closely engages discussion and debates about methods, ethics and representation in qualitative environmental studies. Students will identify and undertake qualitative, ethnographic research regarding a local environmental issue. The central goal of this class is to provide a forum for students to grapple with the practical and ethical considerations of anthropological research. The class will be segmented into the following three units: ethics in research, data gathering and analysis, and continuing conversations

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC, WI Art: CPSC, SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Spring

ANTHRO 4988 Advanced Directed Anthropological Research I

Designed to give undergraduates research experience in various subdisciplines of Anthropology. May be taken more than once for credit. Prerequisite: Permission of faculty member under whom the research will be done.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4989 Advanced Directed Anthropological Research II

Limited to those students who have successfully completed L48-490, and have a qualifying continuing research project. Prerequisite: Anthro 490 and permission of the faculty member who will supervise the continuing research project.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4990 Undergraduate Teaching Assistant

Open to advanced undergraduates only. Usual duties of teaching assistant in laboratory or other selected courses. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: SSC EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4992 Field Methods in Paleoanthropology

This course will be 06/09/24-06/30/24 Monday-Sunday from 7:00AM-8:00PM. Run as a field school, provides a practical, hands-on introduction to the methods of paleoanthropological fieldwork. Instruction will take place at Drimolen Cave, one of the iconic paleoanthropological sites relevant to human evolution in South Africa. The objective of the field school is to give students an introduction to everything they need to know about paleoanthropology in South Africa. This includes practical exposure to excavation and survey methods, nightly lectures on a variety of topics covering paleoanthropology, geology, and archaeology delivered by some of the leading scholars in those disciplines as well as younger researchers in the process of getting their doctoral degrees. Lectures and practical training will be supplemented by four excursions meant to be both educational and entertaining (see below). Students will be expected to keep a daily log of their activities and observations, including details of their excavation records, to be handed in for grading at the end of the season. There will also be three weekly quizzes.

Credit 3 units. A&S IQ: NSM BU: IS

Typical periods offered: Summer

ANTHRO 4995 Anthropology Coursework Completed Abroad

Study Abroad Coursework

Credit 12 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4996 Anthropology Elective: 400-Level

External transfer credit

Credit 3 units. EN: S

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4997 Anthropology Environment Study Abroad Coursework

Anthropology Environment Study Abroad Coursework

Credit 0 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4998 Anthropology Global Health Study Abroad Coursework

Anthropology Global Health Study Abroad Coursework

Credit 0 units.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring

ANTHRO 4999 Capstone Experience

The Department of Anthropology offers serveral options for completing a capstone experience, which is recommended by the College of Arts and Sciences. One option is for students in any 400-level course in the department, to secure permission of the instructor to simultaneously enroll in Anthropology 4999. The instructor and student will develop an individualized plan for expanding the normal content of the selected 400-level course into a capstone experience. Prerequisite: junior or senior standing. Enrollment requires permission of the department and the instructor.

Credit 1 unit.

Typical periods offered: Fall, Spring